The Bizarre Nature of Black holes Explained by Brian Greene
A black hole is one of the strangest and most fascinating objects in outer space. It is formed when a star with sufficient mass is dying. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space that not even light can escape from it.
American theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist Brian Greene explains the bizarre nature of black holes. He explains in detail how 2 black holes collided about 1.4 billion light years away from Earth that produced gravitational waves that got picked up by LIGO, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory.
Brian Greene explains how black holes can be very counter intuitive. A fascinating type which can reach up masses 20 times more than that of our sun are stellar black holes. But their size is nothing compared to some of the enormous supermassive black holes with mass on the order of millions to billions of times the mass of the Sun.
However black holes can be big or small. Some scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain.
Another fascinating fact about black holes according to a new paper in the journal "Annals of Physics" is that the geometry of spacetime around a black hole behaves like a quantum computer, and it can encode photons with quantum messages.
The distorted geometry of spacetime near rotating black holes can create and manipulate quantum information encoded in beams of light that are emitted by, or that pass close to, these black holes.
In a theoretical quantum computer, a quantum computation process consists of photons traveling throughout a setup of mirrors, beam splitters, and prisms that switch the polarization and twisted phase of photons to values that can be mapped onto zeros and ones.
A new suggestion is that the geometry of spacetime near spinning black holes acts in an identical manner to this setup of prisms and mirrors, This means that a spinning black hole writes a quantum code that we may decode in the near future when we come to create quantum computers.
Brian Greene also mentions how there is now a connection between quantum computing and black holes. We may be on the verge of a new technological era, an era that will be dominated by quantum technology. We have legitimate hopes that these quantum computers will help unveil some of the now-hidden mysteries of the universe.
#blackhole #bgreene #science
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Sources:
Brian Greene talks at the JRE: https://open.spotify.com/episode/3Atye1uCqaW2Ver3d16wJO?si=c8b47b3c643e4f8a&nd=1
https://www.journals.elsevier.com/annals-of-physics/highlighted-article/quantum-computers-and-black-holes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographic_principle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole
"Renowned Physicist Brian Greene Draws Sold Out Crowd at College of DuPage 2018 24" by COD Newsroom is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
American theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist Brian Greene explains the bizarre nature of black holes. He explains in detail how 2 black holes collided about 1.4 billion light years away from Earth that produced gravitational waves that got picked up by LIGO, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory.
Brian Greene explains how black holes can be very counter intuitive. A fascinating type which can reach up masses 20 times more than that of our sun are stellar black holes. But their size is nothing compared to some of the enormous supermassive black holes with mass on the order of millions to billions of times the mass of the Sun.
However black holes can be big or small. Some scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain.
Another fascinating fact about black holes according to a new paper in the journal "Annals of Physics" is that the geometry of spacetime around a black hole behaves like a quantum computer, and it can encode photons with quantum messages.
The distorted geometry of spacetime near rotating black holes can create and manipulate quantum information encoded in beams of light that are emitted by, or that pass close to, these black holes.
In a theoretical quantum computer, a quantum computation process consists of photons traveling throughout a setup of mirrors, beam splitters, and prisms that switch the polarization and twisted phase of photons to values that can be mapped onto zeros and ones.
A new suggestion is that the geometry of spacetime near spinning black holes acts in an identical manner to this setup of prisms and mirrors, This means that a spinning black hole writes a quantum code that we may decode in the near future when we come to create quantum computers.
Brian Greene also mentions how there is now a connection between quantum computing and black holes. We may be on the verge of a new technological era, an era that will be dominated by quantum technology. We have legitimate hopes that these quantum computers will help unveil some of the now-hidden mysteries of the universe.
#blackhole #bgreene #science
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SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
Brian Greene talks at the JRE: https://open.spotify.com/episode/3Atye1uCqaW2Ver3d16wJO?si=c8b47b3c643e4f8a&nd=1
https://www.journals.elsevier.com/annals-of-physics/highlighted-article/quantum-computers-and-black-holes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographic_principle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole
"Renowned Physicist Brian Greene Draws Sold Out Crowd at College of DuPage 2018 24" by COD Newsroom is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
The Bizarre Nature of Black holes Explained by Brian Greene
A black hole is one of the strangest and most fascinating objects in [...]
A black hole is one of the strangest and most fascinating objects in outer space. It is formed when a star with sufficient mass is dying. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space that not even light can escape from it.
American theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist Brian Greene explains the bizarre nature of black holes. He explains in detail how 2 black holes collided about 1.4 billion light years away from Earth that produced gravitational waves that got picked up by LIGO, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory.
Brian Greene explains how black holes can be very counter intuitive. A fascinating type which can reach up masses 20 times more than that of our sun are stellar black holes. But their size is nothing compared to some of the enormous supermassive black holes with mass on the order of millions to billions of times the mass of the Sun.
However black holes can be big or small. Some scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain.
Another fascinating fact about black holes according to a new paper in the journal "Annals of Physics" is that the geometry of spacetime around a black hole behaves like a quantum computer, and it can encode photons with quantum messages.
The distorted geometry of spacetime near rotating black holes can create and manipulate quantum information encoded in beams of light that are emitted by, or that pass close to, these black holes.
In a theoretical quantum computer, a quantum computation process consists of photons traveling throughout a setup of mirrors, beam splitters, and prisms that switch the polarization and twisted phase of photons to values that can be mapped onto zeros and ones.
A new suggestion is that the geometry of spacetime near spinning black holes acts in an identical manner to this setup of prisms and mirrors, This means that a spinning black hole writes a quantum code that we may decode in the near future when we come to create quantum computers.
Brian Greene also mentions how there is now a connection between quantum computing and black holes. We may be on the verge of a new technological era, an era that will be dominated by quantum technology. We have legitimate hopes that these quantum computers will help unveil some of the now-hidden mysteries of the universe.
#blackhole #bgreene #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
Brian Greene talks at the JRE: https://open.spotify.com/episode/3Atye1uCqaW2Ver3d16wJO?si=c8b47b3c643e4f8a&nd=1
https://www.journals.elsevier.com/annals-of-physics/highlighted-article/quantum-computers-and-black-holes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographic_principle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole
"Renowned Physicist Brian Greene Draws Sold Out Crowd at College of DuPage 2018 24" by COD Newsroom is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
American theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist Brian Greene explains the bizarre nature of black holes. He explains in detail how 2 black holes collided about 1.4 billion light years away from Earth that produced gravitational waves that got picked up by LIGO, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory.
Brian Greene explains how black holes can be very counter intuitive. A fascinating type which can reach up masses 20 times more than that of our sun are stellar black holes. But their size is nothing compared to some of the enormous supermassive black holes with mass on the order of millions to billions of times the mass of the Sun.
However black holes can be big or small. Some scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain.
Another fascinating fact about black holes according to a new paper in the journal "Annals of Physics" is that the geometry of spacetime around a black hole behaves like a quantum computer, and it can encode photons with quantum messages.
The distorted geometry of spacetime near rotating black holes can create and manipulate quantum information encoded in beams of light that are emitted by, or that pass close to, these black holes.
In a theoretical quantum computer, a quantum computation process consists of photons traveling throughout a setup of mirrors, beam splitters, and prisms that switch the polarization and twisted phase of photons to values that can be mapped onto zeros and ones.
A new suggestion is that the geometry of spacetime near spinning black holes acts in an identical manner to this setup of prisms and mirrors, This means that a spinning black hole writes a quantum code that we may decode in the near future when we come to create quantum computers.
Brian Greene also mentions how there is now a connection between quantum computing and black holes. We may be on the verge of a new technological era, an era that will be dominated by quantum technology. We have legitimate hopes that these quantum computers will help unveil some of the now-hidden mysteries of the universe.
#blackhole #bgreene #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
Brian Greene talks at the JRE: https://open.spotify.com/episode/3Atye1uCqaW2Ver3d16wJO?si=c8b47b3c643e4f8a&nd=1
https://www.journals.elsevier.com/annals-of-physics/highlighted-article/quantum-computers-and-black-holes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographic_principle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole
"Renowned Physicist Brian Greene Draws Sold Out Crowd at College of DuPage 2018 24" by COD Newsroom is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
When Black holes & Neutron Stars Collide - Brian Cox on Gravitational Waves
More than 100 years ago, Albert Einstein came up with many ideas about [...]
More than 100 years ago, Albert Einstein came up with many ideas about gravity and space. In Einstein's general theory of relativity, gravity is treated as a phenomenon resulting from the curvature of spacetime. This curvature is caused by the presence of mass. Generally, the more mass that is contained within a given volume of space, the greater the curvature of spacetime will be at the boundary of its volume.
English physicist and professor of particle physics in the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester, Brian Cox explains the science behind gravitational waves. He mentions how every massive object that accelerates produces gravitational waves. Brian Cox also explains in layman terms how LIGO is able to detect gravitational waves caused by some of the most energetic events in the Universe—colliding black holes, merging neutron stars, exploding stars, and possibly even the birth of the Universe itself.
100 years after Einstein came up with the general theory of relativity, scientists detected gravitational waves for the first time. These first gravitational waves happened when two black holes crashed into one another.
The two blackholes that merged formed a single blackhole 62 times the mass of our sun. As they merged in about 0.2 seconds the equivalent of 3 times the mass of our Sun was lost through gravitational waves emission. In comparison our Sun has lost a mere 0.03 percent of its mass in 5 billion years through electromagnetic emission.
Many models of the Universe suggest that there was an inflationary epoch in the early history of the Universe when space expanded by a large factor in a very short amount of time. If this expansion was not symmetric in all directions, it may have emitted gravitational radiation detectable today as a gravitational wave background. This background signal is too weak for any currently operational gravitational wave detector to observe. However, LIGO is just the first step and with future instruments we could potentially pickup gravitational waves that rippled through the first moments of the Big Bang that would solve one of the greatest mysteries in physics.
#ProfBrianCox #wormhole #science
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Sources:
LIGO Scientific Collaboration
https://www.ligo.org/science/faq.php#gw150914-bh
Brian Cox at National Gallery Singapore
The University of Manchester - https://youtu.be/zas--VfFdmk
Brian Cox Lecture - GCSE Science brought down to Earth
The University of Manchester - https://youtu.be/enSXh4YY9Ws
LIGO Discovers Binary Black Hole Merger: 100 Years of Gravitational Waves
MIT Department of physics https://youtu.be/OyIbp7FzbbQ
LIGO - https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/page/gravitational-waves
JPL Propulsion Lab - Dropping In With Gravitational Waves
https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/edu/teach/activity/dropping-in-with-gravitational-waves/
What Is a Gravitational Wave?
https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/gravitational-waves/en/
Gravity
"First Second of the Big Bang". How The Universe Works 3. 2014. Discovery Science
How gravitational waves could solve some of the Universe’s deepest mysteries
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-04157-6
LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA finds elusive mergers of black holes with neutron stars
https://www.ligo.org/detections/NSBH2020/files/pr-english.pdf
Inflationary Cosmology: From Theory to Observations
https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.09934
"Professor Brian Cox at BETT 2020" by p_a_h is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
English physicist and professor of particle physics in the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester, Brian Cox explains the science behind gravitational waves. He mentions how every massive object that accelerates produces gravitational waves. Brian Cox also explains in layman terms how LIGO is able to detect gravitational waves caused by some of the most energetic events in the Universe—colliding black holes, merging neutron stars, exploding stars, and possibly even the birth of the Universe itself.
100 years after Einstein came up with the general theory of relativity, scientists detected gravitational waves for the first time. These first gravitational waves happened when two black holes crashed into one another.
The two blackholes that merged formed a single blackhole 62 times the mass of our sun. As they merged in about 0.2 seconds the equivalent of 3 times the mass of our Sun was lost through gravitational waves emission. In comparison our Sun has lost a mere 0.03 percent of its mass in 5 billion years through electromagnetic emission.
Many models of the Universe suggest that there was an inflationary epoch in the early history of the Universe when space expanded by a large factor in a very short amount of time. If this expansion was not symmetric in all directions, it may have emitted gravitational radiation detectable today as a gravitational wave background. This background signal is too weak for any currently operational gravitational wave detector to observe. However, LIGO is just the first step and with future instruments we could potentially pickup gravitational waves that rippled through the first moments of the Big Bang that would solve one of the greatest mysteries in physics.
#ProfBrianCox #wormhole #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
LIGO Scientific Collaboration
https://www.ligo.org/science/faq.php#gw150914-bh
Brian Cox at National Gallery Singapore
The University of Manchester - https://youtu.be/zas--VfFdmk
Brian Cox Lecture - GCSE Science brought down to Earth
The University of Manchester - https://youtu.be/enSXh4YY9Ws
LIGO Discovers Binary Black Hole Merger: 100 Years of Gravitational Waves
MIT Department of physics https://youtu.be/OyIbp7FzbbQ
LIGO - https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/page/gravitational-waves
JPL Propulsion Lab - Dropping In With Gravitational Waves
https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/edu/teach/activity/dropping-in-with-gravitational-waves/
What Is a Gravitational Wave?
https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/gravitational-waves/en/
Gravity
"First Second of the Big Bang". How The Universe Works 3. 2014. Discovery Science
How gravitational waves could solve some of the Universe’s deepest mysteries
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-04157-6
LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA finds elusive mergers of black holes with neutron stars
https://www.ligo.org/detections/NSBH2020/files/pr-english.pdf
Inflationary Cosmology: From Theory to Observations
https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.09934
"Professor Brian Cox at BETT 2020" by p_a_h is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
Can We Mine Killer Asteroids? Neil deGrasse Tyson on The Risks & Benefits of Giant Asteroids
Considering the fact that killer asteroids collide with our planet [...]
Considering the fact that killer asteroids collide with our planet every 50 to 60 million years, and the fact that the last major asteroid impact was 66 million years ago, the Earth is overdue for another cataclysmic event.
American astrophysicist, planetary scientist, author, and science communicator, Neil deGrasse Tyson explains risks and benefits of large asteroids.
When large objects impact terrestrial planets such as the Earth, there can be significant physical and biospheric consequences, though atmospheres mitigate many surface impacts through atmospheric entry.
But even our atmospheric protective shield is no match against the size of killer asteroids. Neil deGrasse Tyson mentions the fact that dinosaurs went extinct from a a 10km-wide asteroid that hit the area which is now the Gulf of Mexico.
A widely accepted theory is that worldwide climate disruption from the event was the cause of the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, a mass extinction in which 75% of plant and animal species on Earth became extinct, including all non-avian dinosaurs.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also mentions the feasibility of mining asteroids. Asteroids could one day be a vast new source of scarce material if the financial and technological obstacles can be overcome. Asteroids are lumps of metals, rock and dust, sometimes laced with ices and tar, which are the cosmic "leftovers" from the solar system's formation about 4.5 billion years ago.
However, it currently costs hundreds of millions to billions of dollars to build and launch a space mission, so innovations that would make these costs fall dramatically are needed before it is profitable to mine asteroids for the value of their metals alone.
#asteroid #neiltyson #science
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Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0FMGTVCIDbU
https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/new-nasa-mission-to-help-us-learn-how-to-mine-asteroids
https://www.space.com/asteroid-mining-bring-space-rocks-to-earth
https://www.businessinsider.com/asteroid-strike-overdue-earth-nasa-2016-12
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits NASA Goddard" by NASA Goddard Photo and Video is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
American astrophysicist, planetary scientist, author, and science communicator, Neil deGrasse Tyson explains risks and benefits of large asteroids.
When large objects impact terrestrial planets such as the Earth, there can be significant physical and biospheric consequences, though atmospheres mitigate many surface impacts through atmospheric entry.
But even our atmospheric protective shield is no match against the size of killer asteroids. Neil deGrasse Tyson mentions the fact that dinosaurs went extinct from a a 10km-wide asteroid that hit the area which is now the Gulf of Mexico.
A widely accepted theory is that worldwide climate disruption from the event was the cause of the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, a mass extinction in which 75% of plant and animal species on Earth became extinct, including all non-avian dinosaurs.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also mentions the feasibility of mining asteroids. Asteroids could one day be a vast new source of scarce material if the financial and technological obstacles can be overcome. Asteroids are lumps of metals, rock and dust, sometimes laced with ices and tar, which are the cosmic "leftovers" from the solar system's formation about 4.5 billion years ago.
However, it currently costs hundreds of millions to billions of dollars to build and launch a space mission, so innovations that would make these costs fall dramatically are needed before it is profitable to mine asteroids for the value of their metals alone.
#asteroid #neiltyson #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0FMGTVCIDbU
https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/new-nasa-mission-to-help-us-learn-how-to-mine-asteroids
https://www.space.com/asteroid-mining-bring-space-rocks-to-earth
https://www.businessinsider.com/asteroid-strike-overdue-earth-nasa-2016-12
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits NASA Goddard" by NASA Goddard Photo and Video is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
The Dangers of Artificial Intelligence - Stuart Russell on AI Risk
Stuart Russell is a British computer scientist known for his [...]
Stuart Russell is a British computer scientist known for his contributions to artificial intelligence. He warns about the risks involved in the creation of AI systems.
Artificial intelligence has become a key behind-the-scenes component of many aspects of our day-to-day lives.
The promise of AI has lured many into attempting to harness it for societal benefit, but there are also concerns about its potential misuse.
Dr. Stuart Russell is one of AI’s true pioneers and has been at the forefront of the field for decades. He proposes a novel solution which bring us to a better understanding of what it will take to create beneficial machine intelligence.
In view of the recent warnings from researchers and entrepreneurs that artificial intelligence or AI may become too smart, major players in the technology field are thinking about different methods for mitigating these concerns and preserving human control.
Stuart Russell, argues that if AI surpasses humanity in general intelligence and becomes Superintelligent, then this new Superintelligence could become powerful and difficult to control.
Existing weak AI systems can be monitored and easily shut down and modified if they misbehave. However, a misprogrammed Superintelligence, which by definition is smarter than humans in solving practical problems it encounters in the course of pursuing its goals, would realize that allowing itself to be shut down and modified might interfere with its ability to accomplish its current goals. If the Superintelligence therefore decides to resist shutdown and modification, it would be smart enough to outwit its human operators and other efforts to shut it down.
#AI #AGI #science
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Sources:
"CTBTO International Scientific Studies 2009 - day 2" by The Official CTBTO Photostream is licensed under CC BY 2.0
The State of Artificial Intelligence
https://youtu.be/VBceREwF7SA
What If: Robots Go to War?
https://youtu.be/opZR7vLhXVg
Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Weapons 27 April 2021
Yair Sharan Ted J. Gordon Elizabeth Florescu
Part of the Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications book series (ASTSA)….
Artificial intelligence has become a key behind-the-scenes component of many aspects of our day-to-day lives.
The promise of AI has lured many into attempting to harness it for societal benefit, but there are also concerns about its potential misuse.
Dr. Stuart Russell is one of AI’s true pioneers and has been at the forefront of the field for decades. He proposes a novel solution which bring us to a better understanding of what it will take to create beneficial machine intelligence.
In view of the recent warnings from researchers and entrepreneurs that artificial intelligence or AI may become too smart, major players in the technology field are thinking about different methods for mitigating these concerns and preserving human control.
Stuart Russell, argues that if AI surpasses humanity in general intelligence and becomes Superintelligent, then this new Superintelligence could become powerful and difficult to control.
Existing weak AI systems can be monitored and easily shut down and modified if they misbehave. However, a misprogrammed Superintelligence, which by definition is smarter than humans in solving practical problems it encounters in the course of pursuing its goals, would realize that allowing itself to be shut down and modified might interfere with its ability to accomplish its current goals. If the Superintelligence therefore decides to resist shutdown and modification, it would be smart enough to outwit its human operators and other efforts to shut it down.
#AI #AGI #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
"CTBTO International Scientific Studies 2009 - day 2" by The Official CTBTO Photostream is licensed under CC BY 2.0
The State of Artificial Intelligence
https://youtu.be/VBceREwF7SA
What If: Robots Go to War?
https://youtu.be/opZR7vLhXVg
Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Weapons 27 April 2021
Yair Sharan Ted J. Gordon Elizabeth Florescu
Part of the Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications book series (ASTSA)….
active
I Tried Warning Them - Elon Musk on Superhuman AI
Elon Musk has warned humanity many times about the dangers of [...]
Elon Musk has warned humanity many times about the dangers of superhuman AI. He thinks the advent of digital superintelligence will bring about profound changes to human civilization. Elon Musk thinks the technological singularity could either be super beneficial or it could be terrible for our society. Elon said that no one knows for sure the impact superhuman AI will have on our world but that one thing is for certain: We will not be able to control it. He thinks artificial intelligence will be used as a weapon and warns that the lack of AI regulation could mean it's already too late for humanity.
Elon Musk now has adopted a "fatalistic" attitude towards the AI control problem because he feels that nothing is being done to try to mitigate the negative effects of future AI systems.
The reasonable concern about a possible extinction level event from digital Superintelligence stems from the period of time in which Narrow AI achieves artificial general intelligence. Where presumably in this time frame we can do something to stack the odds in our favor.
Today, right now, with our seemingly endless desire for better, faster and cheaper technology, we are collectively contributing in building future AI systems. Whether we are aware of it or not. As Elon Musk put it: We are the biological bootloader for AI.
One common criticism of Elon Musk is his focus on the development of AI systems such as Neuralink, the implantable brain–machine interface all the while he warns about the dangers of AI. While some view this as hypocrisy, Elon Musk like many others involved in the field of AI believe that the ultimate solution to the AI control or alignment problem is the merging of AI with humans.
Hopefully the merge scenario between humans and machines will prove to be key for solving the AI control problem.
#ElonMusk #AI #ASI
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Sources: Elon Musk at JRE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycPr5-27vSI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superintelligence
"IMG_0794.JPG" by TeslaClubBE is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
Elon Musk now has adopted a "fatalistic" attitude towards the AI control problem because he feels that nothing is being done to try to mitigate the negative effects of future AI systems.
The reasonable concern about a possible extinction level event from digital Superintelligence stems from the period of time in which Narrow AI achieves artificial general intelligence. Where presumably in this time frame we can do something to stack the odds in our favor.
Today, right now, with our seemingly endless desire for better, faster and cheaper technology, we are collectively contributing in building future AI systems. Whether we are aware of it or not. As Elon Musk put it: We are the biological bootloader for AI.
One common criticism of Elon Musk is his focus on the development of AI systems such as Neuralink, the implantable brain–machine interface all the while he warns about the dangers of AI. While some view this as hypocrisy, Elon Musk like many others involved in the field of AI believe that the ultimate solution to the AI control or alignment problem is the merging of AI with humans.
Hopefully the merge scenario between humans and machines will prove to be key for solving the AI control problem.
#ElonMusk #AI #ASI
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources: Elon Musk at JRE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycPr5-27vSI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superintelligence
"IMG_0794.JPG" by TeslaClubBE is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
The Mysteries of The Universe With Brian Cox
What is the universe made of? How did it come into existence? Was [...]
What is the universe made of? How did it come into existence? Was there anything before it?
Where did the laws of nature come from? As difficult as these questions are, scientists are grappling and attempting to address them with bold new ideas - and new experiments. By combining mathematical models with observations, they are able to develop workable theories of how the Universe came to be.
Over and over again, the universe has proven to be far stranger and more complex than we can even begin to imagine. Astronomers have put forth numerous hypotheses and explanations of the origin of the universe.
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model explaining the existence of the observable universe. It postulates that the universe began in a tremendous explosion about 13.8 billion years ago. During those earliest moments, the universe was filled with energy, much of it in the form of intense heat. As the universe grew and cooled, some of this energy transformed into matter. We once thought that atoms were the most fundamental building blocks of matter. Today, we know that atoms are made of many smaller pieces, known as subatomic particles.
Professor Brian Cox is a British physicist and professor of particle physics at the University of Manchester. He investigates the universe’s biggest questions and explains what these particles are and their role in the creation of the universe.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the way the universe is viewed has changed dramatically. As of September 2021, more than 4800 planets have been discovered orbiting distant stars. Black holes are now known to be present at the center of most galaxies, including the Milky Way galaxy. The age, size and shape of the universe have been mapped based on the primordial radiation left by the big bang. And it has been learned that most of the matter in the universe is dark and invisible, and the universe is not only expanding, but accelerating in an unexpected way.
Stephen Hawking’s approach to the universe considers space-time to be a hologram in which the geometry of the entire past would project off of the present. Brian Cox also agrees with that we might be holograms and suggests that it is possible the universe might not be at all as we perceive it to be. But more on that in another video.
#ProfBrianCox #Universe #science
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Sources: Brian Cox - Brian Cox Lecture - GCSE Science brought down to Earth
https://youtu.be/enSXh4YY9Ws
CERN - The early universe
https://home.cern/science/physics/early-universe
NASA - Star formation
https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/how-do-stars-form-and-evolve
NASA Astrophysics
https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics
NASA - Studying the universe in infrared
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/spitzer/multimedia/timeline-2006121889912.html
Exoplanet catalog
http://exoplanet.eu/catalog/
Rochester Institute of Technology - The Big Bang Model
http://spiff.rit.edu/classes/phys240/lectures/bb/bb.html
Quantamagazine.org - Physicists Debate Hawking’s Idea That the Universe Had No Beginning
https://www.quantamagazine.org/physicists-debate-hawkings-idea-that-the-universe-had-no-beginning-20190606/
Nobel Prize winner says the universe has gone through multiple Big Bangs
https://www.slashgear.com/nobel-prize-winner-says-the-universe-has-gone-through-multiple-big-bangs-10641825/
"MIPIM 2013 day one: Professor Brian Cox talks on the Manchester stand MIPIM 2013" by EG Focus is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
Where did the laws of nature come from? As difficult as these questions are, scientists are grappling and attempting to address them with bold new ideas - and new experiments. By combining mathematical models with observations, they are able to develop workable theories of how the Universe came to be.
Over and over again, the universe has proven to be far stranger and more complex than we can even begin to imagine. Astronomers have put forth numerous hypotheses and explanations of the origin of the universe.
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model explaining the existence of the observable universe. It postulates that the universe began in a tremendous explosion about 13.8 billion years ago. During those earliest moments, the universe was filled with energy, much of it in the form of intense heat. As the universe grew and cooled, some of this energy transformed into matter. We once thought that atoms were the most fundamental building blocks of matter. Today, we know that atoms are made of many smaller pieces, known as subatomic particles.
Professor Brian Cox is a British physicist and professor of particle physics at the University of Manchester. He investigates the universe’s biggest questions and explains what these particles are and their role in the creation of the universe.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the way the universe is viewed has changed dramatically. As of September 2021, more than 4800 planets have been discovered orbiting distant stars. Black holes are now known to be present at the center of most galaxies, including the Milky Way galaxy. The age, size and shape of the universe have been mapped based on the primordial radiation left by the big bang. And it has been learned that most of the matter in the universe is dark and invisible, and the universe is not only expanding, but accelerating in an unexpected way.
Stephen Hawking’s approach to the universe considers space-time to be a hologram in which the geometry of the entire past would project off of the present. Brian Cox also agrees with that we might be holograms and suggests that it is possible the universe might not be at all as we perceive it to be. But more on that in another video.
#ProfBrianCox #Universe #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources: Brian Cox - Brian Cox Lecture - GCSE Science brought down to Earth
https://youtu.be/enSXh4YY9Ws
CERN - The early universe
https://home.cern/science/physics/early-universe
NASA - Star formation
https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/how-do-stars-form-and-evolve
NASA Astrophysics
https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics
NASA - Studying the universe in infrared
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/spitzer/multimedia/timeline-2006121889912.html
Exoplanet catalog
http://exoplanet.eu/catalog/
Rochester Institute of Technology - The Big Bang Model
http://spiff.rit.edu/classes/phys240/lectures/bb/bb.html
Quantamagazine.org - Physicists Debate Hawking’s Idea That the Universe Had No Beginning
https://www.quantamagazine.org/physicists-debate-hawkings-idea-that-the-universe-had-no-beginning-20190606/
Nobel Prize winner says the universe has gone through multiple Big Bangs
https://www.slashgear.com/nobel-prize-winner-says-the-universe-has-gone-through-multiple-big-bangs-10641825/
"MIPIM 2013 day one: Professor Brian Cox talks on the Manchester stand MIPIM 2013" by EG Focus is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
Neil deGrasse Tyson - Where Can We Find Alien Life?
American astrophysicist, planetary scientist, author, and science [...]
American astrophysicist, planetary scientist, author, and science communicator Neil deGrasse Tyson explains where we can possibly find alien life. He mentions how science has advanced enough so that there are ways to tell if life exists elsewhere without ever having to visit distant alien worlds.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also explains biomarkers. On Earth, life leaves tell-tale signals in the atmosphere. Photosynthesis is ultimately responsible for the high oxygen levels and the thick ozone layer. Microbes emit methane and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere, and seaweeds emit chloromethane gas. These chemicals, when present in sufficient quantities, are indicators of life and are known as atmospheric biomarkers. Detecting them in the atmosphere of an exoplanet should, in theory, be a means of discovering whether life exists on any alien worlds.
While biomarkers have never been spotted in observations of an exoplanet, because their signal is so faint, the new generation of telescopes being planned today, may be sensitive enough to detect them.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also explains how Carbon is the most fertile element of the periodic table. If we're ever able to find evidence for alien life, out best guess is it will be carbon based. The kinds of living organisms currently known on Earth all use carbon compounds for basic structural and metabolic functions, water as a solvent, and DNA or RNA to define and control their form. If life exists on other planets or moons it may be chemically similar, though it is also possible that there are organisms with quite different chemistries.
NASA has announced that our next destination in the solar system is the unique, richly organic world Titan. Visiting this mysterious ocean world could revolutionize what we know about life in the universe.
As of August 2021, there are 4,800 confirmed exoplanets.
NASA’s first planet-hunting mission, the Kepler Space Telescope, paved the way for our search for life in the solar system and beyond. An important part of Kepler’s work was the identification of Earth-size planets around distant stars.
After nine years in deep space, Kepler collected data that indicates our sky is filled with billions of hidden planets – more planets even than stars. Making us wonder if or WHEN we will be able to find evidence for alien life.
#Titan #neiltyson #aliens
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Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0FMGTVCIDbU
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothetical_types_of_biochemistry#Silicon_biochemistry
https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/129/detecting-biomarkers-on-faraway-exoplanets/
https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasas-dragonfly-will-fly-around-titan-looking-for-origins-signs-of-life….
Neil deGrasse Tyson also explains biomarkers. On Earth, life leaves tell-tale signals in the atmosphere. Photosynthesis is ultimately responsible for the high oxygen levels and the thick ozone layer. Microbes emit methane and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere, and seaweeds emit chloromethane gas. These chemicals, when present in sufficient quantities, are indicators of life and are known as atmospheric biomarkers. Detecting them in the atmosphere of an exoplanet should, in theory, be a means of discovering whether life exists on any alien worlds.
While biomarkers have never been spotted in observations of an exoplanet, because their signal is so faint, the new generation of telescopes being planned today, may be sensitive enough to detect them.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also explains how Carbon is the most fertile element of the periodic table. If we're ever able to find evidence for alien life, out best guess is it will be carbon based. The kinds of living organisms currently known on Earth all use carbon compounds for basic structural and metabolic functions, water as a solvent, and DNA or RNA to define and control their form. If life exists on other planets or moons it may be chemically similar, though it is also possible that there are organisms with quite different chemistries.
NASA has announced that our next destination in the solar system is the unique, richly organic world Titan. Visiting this mysterious ocean world could revolutionize what we know about life in the universe.
As of August 2021, there are 4,800 confirmed exoplanets.
NASA’s first planet-hunting mission, the Kepler Space Telescope, paved the way for our search for life in the solar system and beyond. An important part of Kepler’s work was the identification of Earth-size planets around distant stars.
After nine years in deep space, Kepler collected data that indicates our sky is filled with billions of hidden planets – more planets even than stars. Making us wonder if or WHEN we will be able to find evidence for alien life.
#Titan #neiltyson #aliens
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0FMGTVCIDbU
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothetical_types_of_biochemistry#Silicon_biochemistry
https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/129/detecting-biomarkers-on-faraway-exoplanets/
https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasas-dragonfly-will-fly-around-titan-looking-for-origins-signs-of-life….
active
The Simulation Hypothesis & Free Will Explained by Brian Greene
Is reality an illusion? Is it possible that we live in a Matrix-like [...]
Is reality an illusion? Is it possible that we live in a Matrix-like world with multiple layers constructed by our descendants?
Ever since the movie Matrix came out in 1999 in which humans are trapped inside a virtual reality, there has been intense public speculation and debate about the nature of reality.
American theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist Brian Greene explains the reasoning behind the simulation argument for why we might be living inside a computer simulation. This phenomenon derives from the simulation hypothesis, proposed by Nick Bostrom in 2003.
The basic idea behind simulation hypothesis is that all the current existence that humans know, including the Earth and the rest of the universe, could in fact be an artificial simulation, such as a computer simulation.
The simulation hypothesis relies on the advancement of computer and video game technology to make the argument that humans could be living inside a computer program. What could a simulated reality look like, and how would we know if we are in one? Or what if there were multiple layers to our existence and the world we experience is just one layer? Where does consciousness and free will come into play?
According to Brian Greene, free will is an illusion whether the simulated reality hypothesis is true or not. He also explains "Compatibilism" which is the position or view that causal determinism is true, but we still act as free, morally responsible agents when, in the absence of external constraints, our actions are caused by our desires. Although compatibilism does not maintain that humans are free and is a sort of soft determinism.
Many scientists argue against the existence of simulated reality and they view it to be unprovable in any concrete sense as there is an infinite regress problem with the argument:
any evidence that is directly observed could be another simulation itself. Even if we are a simulated reality, there is no way to be sure the beings running the simulation are not themselves a simulation and the operators of that simulation are not a simulation.
Experiments that could distinguish physical reality from a simulation are what would be needed for it to be a credible scientific assertion.
#simulation #bgreene #freewill
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Sources: Brian Greene Until the end of time @googletalk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXfMN3mZa0Y&t=0s
"Renowned Physicist Brian Greene Draws Sold Out Crowd at College of DuPage 2018 11" by COD Newsroom is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
Ever since the movie Matrix came out in 1999 in which humans are trapped inside a virtual reality, there has been intense public speculation and debate about the nature of reality.
American theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist Brian Greene explains the reasoning behind the simulation argument for why we might be living inside a computer simulation. This phenomenon derives from the simulation hypothesis, proposed by Nick Bostrom in 2003.
The basic idea behind simulation hypothesis is that all the current existence that humans know, including the Earth and the rest of the universe, could in fact be an artificial simulation, such as a computer simulation.
The simulation hypothesis relies on the advancement of computer and video game technology to make the argument that humans could be living inside a computer program. What could a simulated reality look like, and how would we know if we are in one? Or what if there were multiple layers to our existence and the world we experience is just one layer? Where does consciousness and free will come into play?
According to Brian Greene, free will is an illusion whether the simulated reality hypothesis is true or not. He also explains "Compatibilism" which is the position or view that causal determinism is true, but we still act as free, morally responsible agents when, in the absence of external constraints, our actions are caused by our desires. Although compatibilism does not maintain that humans are free and is a sort of soft determinism.
Many scientists argue against the existence of simulated reality and they view it to be unprovable in any concrete sense as there is an infinite regress problem with the argument:
any evidence that is directly observed could be another simulation itself. Even if we are a simulated reality, there is no way to be sure the beings running the simulation are not themselves a simulation and the operators of that simulation are not a simulation.
Experiments that could distinguish physical reality from a simulation are what would be needed for it to be a credible scientific assertion.
#simulation #bgreene #freewill
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources: Brian Greene Until the end of time @googletalk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXfMN3mZa0Y&t=0s
"Renowned Physicist Brian Greene Draws Sold Out Crowd at College of DuPage 2018 11" by COD Newsroom is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
Warp Drives & Wormholes Explained by Brian Cox
Ever since we contrived a scientific understanding of the stars, we [...]
Ever since we contrived a scientific understanding of the stars, we began imagining what it takes for humanity to achieve interstellar travel.
But a cosmic dream crusher comes in the form of inconceivable distance. It takes light, the fastest thing there is in the universe, 4.2 years to only reach "Proxima Centauri" the nearest star to the Sun.
But what if there was a faster way? An unconventional approach to this problem entirely?
English physicist who serves as professor of particle physics in the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester, Brian Cox explains the science behind a warp drive and wormholes based on Einstein's general theory of relativity. Brian Cox also explains the science of wormholes and how they can be used as time machines if they truly exist in nature.
Based on a solution of Einstein's field equations in general relativity, theoretical physicist Miguel Alcubierre proposed a speculative warp drive by which a spacecraft could achieve apparent faster-than-light travel if a configurable energy-density field lower than that of vacuum could be created.
Rather than exceeding the speed of light within a local reference frame, a spacecraft would traverse distances by contracting space in front of it and expanding space behind it, resulting in effective faster-than-light travel.
There are papers published in physics that show the total mass needed to deform spacetime would be less than that of our sun. But no one was able to get around the problem of negative energy.
A fascinating possibility based on a special solution of the Einstein field equations is what is called an Einstein–Rosen bridge. Or more famously known, a Wormhole.
A wormhole can be visualized as a tunnel with two ends at separate points in spacetime. Theoretically, a wormhole might connect extremely long distances such as a billion light years, or short distances such as a few meters, or different points in time, or even different universes.
Wormholes are consistent with the general theory of relativity, but whether wormholes actually exist still remains to be seen.
#ProfBrianCox #wormhole #science
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Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wieRZoJSVtw&t=0s
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/star-treks-warp-drive-leads-to-new-physics/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcubierre_drive
"Professor Brian Cox at BETT 2020" by p_a_h is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
But a cosmic dream crusher comes in the form of inconceivable distance. It takes light, the fastest thing there is in the universe, 4.2 years to only reach "Proxima Centauri" the nearest star to the Sun.
But what if there was a faster way? An unconventional approach to this problem entirely?
English physicist who serves as professor of particle physics in the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester, Brian Cox explains the science behind a warp drive and wormholes based on Einstein's general theory of relativity. Brian Cox also explains the science of wormholes and how they can be used as time machines if they truly exist in nature.
Based on a solution of Einstein's field equations in general relativity, theoretical physicist Miguel Alcubierre proposed a speculative warp drive by which a spacecraft could achieve apparent faster-than-light travel if a configurable energy-density field lower than that of vacuum could be created.
Rather than exceeding the speed of light within a local reference frame, a spacecraft would traverse distances by contracting space in front of it and expanding space behind it, resulting in effective faster-than-light travel.
There are papers published in physics that show the total mass needed to deform spacetime would be less than that of our sun. But no one was able to get around the problem of negative energy.
A fascinating possibility based on a special solution of the Einstein field equations is what is called an Einstein–Rosen bridge. Or more famously known, a Wormhole.
A wormhole can be visualized as a tunnel with two ends at separate points in spacetime. Theoretically, a wormhole might connect extremely long distances such as a billion light years, or short distances such as a few meters, or different points in time, or even different universes.
Wormholes are consistent with the general theory of relativity, but whether wormholes actually exist still remains to be seen.
#ProfBrianCox #wormhole #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wieRZoJSVtw&t=0s
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/star-treks-warp-drive-leads-to-new-physics/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcubierre_drive
"Professor Brian Cox at BETT 2020" by p_a_h is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
The Bizarre Boltzmann Brain Hypothesis Explained by Brian Greene
The universe is stranger than we imagine. Over an extremely large but [...]
The universe is stranger than we imagine. Over an extremely large but not infinite amount of time, by sheer chance, atoms in a void could spontaneously come together in such a way as to assemble a functioning human brain.
The American theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist Brian Greene explains the Boltzmann Brain Hypothesis.
According to Brian Greene, there could be a brain floating in space that just happens to have the particle configuration exactly as your brain does. The probabilistic nature of quantum physics with the combination of virtually unlimited time can yield to such an outcome.
The Boltzmann brain argument suggests that it is more likely for a single brain to spontaneously and briefly form in a void (complete with a false memory of having existed in our universe) than it is for the universe to have come about as the result of a random fluctuation in a universe in thermal equilibrium.
The idea is named after the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann who, in 1896, published a theory that tried to account for the fact that humans find themselves in a universe that is not as chaotic as the budding field of thermodynamics seemed to predict. He offered several explanations, one of them being that the universe, even one that is fully random (or at thermal equilibrium), would spontaneously fluctuate to a more ordered (or low-entropy) state.
While the first law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but only altered in form, the second law of thermodynamics, says that the entropy of a closed system always increases. Since the universe that we know of is a closed system, we would expect the entropy to increase over time. This means that, given enough time, the most likely state of the universe is one where everything is in thermodynamic equilibrium, but we clearly don't exist in a universe of this type since, after all, there is order all around us in various forms, not the least of which is the fact that life exists.
Brian Greene thinks there can be pockets of order forming within the overall tendency toward disorder.
In case the idea of the Boltzmann turns out to be wrong, there is still a chance that indeed this reality we perceive is not actually real. A somewhat similar example to the Boltzmann brain paradox, is the simulation hypothesis which according to Dr. Greene is the most radical of them all.
#BoltzmannBrain #bgreene #science
You can learn more about the topic from the book - Until the end of time by Brian Greene.
Get the book here: https://goo.gle/2wAa4K2.
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Srouces: "Renowned Physicist Brian Greene Draws Sold Out Crowd at College of DuPage 2018 1" by COD Newsroom is licensed under CC BY 2.0
Until the End of Time | Brian Greene | Talks at Google
https://youtu.be/YXfMN3mZa0Y
What Is the Boltzmann Brains Hypothesis?
https://www.thoughtco.com/what-are-boltzmann-brains-2699421
Linde, A. (2007). Sinks in the landscape, Boltzmann brains and the cosmological constant problem. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2007(01), 022
Ananthaswamy, Anil (2017). "Universes that spawn 'cosmic brains' should go on the scrapheap" New Scientist.
Thermodynamics
https://www.britannica.com/science/thermodynamics….
The American theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist Brian Greene explains the Boltzmann Brain Hypothesis.
According to Brian Greene, there could be a brain floating in space that just happens to have the particle configuration exactly as your brain does. The probabilistic nature of quantum physics with the combination of virtually unlimited time can yield to such an outcome.
The Boltzmann brain argument suggests that it is more likely for a single brain to spontaneously and briefly form in a void (complete with a false memory of having existed in our universe) than it is for the universe to have come about as the result of a random fluctuation in a universe in thermal equilibrium.
The idea is named after the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann who, in 1896, published a theory that tried to account for the fact that humans find themselves in a universe that is not as chaotic as the budding field of thermodynamics seemed to predict. He offered several explanations, one of them being that the universe, even one that is fully random (or at thermal equilibrium), would spontaneously fluctuate to a more ordered (or low-entropy) state.
While the first law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but only altered in form, the second law of thermodynamics, says that the entropy of a closed system always increases. Since the universe that we know of is a closed system, we would expect the entropy to increase over time. This means that, given enough time, the most likely state of the universe is one where everything is in thermodynamic equilibrium, but we clearly don't exist in a universe of this type since, after all, there is order all around us in various forms, not the least of which is the fact that life exists.
Brian Greene thinks there can be pockets of order forming within the overall tendency toward disorder.
In case the idea of the Boltzmann turns out to be wrong, there is still a chance that indeed this reality we perceive is not actually real. A somewhat similar example to the Boltzmann brain paradox, is the simulation hypothesis which according to Dr. Greene is the most radical of them all.
#BoltzmannBrain #bgreene #science
You can learn more about the topic from the book - Until the end of time by Brian Greene.
Get the book here: https://goo.gle/2wAa4K2.
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Srouces: "Renowned Physicist Brian Greene Draws Sold Out Crowd at College of DuPage 2018 1" by COD Newsroom is licensed under CC BY 2.0
Until the End of Time | Brian Greene | Talks at Google
https://youtu.be/YXfMN3mZa0Y
What Is the Boltzmann Brains Hypothesis?
https://www.thoughtco.com/what-are-boltzmann-brains-2699421
Linde, A. (2007). Sinks in the landscape, Boltzmann brains and the cosmological constant problem. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2007(01), 022
Ananthaswamy, Anil (2017). "Universes that spawn 'cosmic brains' should go on the scrapheap" New Scientist.
Thermodynamics
https://www.britannica.com/science/thermodynamics….
active
The Great Filter Hypothesis With Neil deGrasse Tyson - The Solution to The Fermi Paradox
Is there life beyond Earth? No one knows for sure. Beloved [...]
Is there life beyond Earth?
No one knows for sure.
Beloved astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson makes a compelling case for why if even intelligent alien life exists elsewhere in the Universe, it is extremely rare. Neil Tyson mentions the fact that the evolutionary tree of life on Earth suggests intelligence is not that important when it comes for survival.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also talks about the Hawking argument that basically says extraterrestrial visits on Earth would not be in our best interests.
Debate about the probability of finding signals of advanced life varies widely. In 1961, astronomer Frank Drake created a formula (which became known as the Drake Equation) for estimating the number of potential intelligent civilizations in the galaxy. He calculated there should be at least 10,000 technology producing civilizations in the Milky Way galaxy alone.
Most of the variables in the equation continue to be rough estimates and subject to uncertainties. But an interesting conundrum to Drake's speculative answer for the number of intelligent civilizations in the galaxy is the Fermi paradox. Posited by Italian physicist Enrico Fermi, it asserts that if another intelligent life form was indeed out there, why have we not seen it by now?
While it might seem as extreme hubris to expect humans to see evidence for the existence of intelligent alien life, considering how many star systems there are in our galaxy alone, and if indeed intelligent life is prevalent, we should expect to see some sort of data from alien origin.
Another hypothesis that explains the Fermi problem is the "Great Filter". Which basically poses that something leads to the destruction of civilizations before they manage to master intragalactic communication and interstellar travel.
Even if we knew for certain the Great Filter is a correct theory, we still wouldn't know when or at what stage of life it emerges. For example a great filter could be acting to prevent non living matter to undergo Abiogenesis. Which is the first stage of life. Or a great filter could show up in later stages of life. Such as our stage where intelligent beings begin to create technology and hope to one day colonize the galaxy.
#greatfilter #neiltyson #aliens
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Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06rIWC7r968
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYzBxo3hbYQ&t=0s
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-is-taking-a-new-look-at-searching-for-life-beyond-earth
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits NASA Goddard" by NASA Goddard Photo and Video is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
No one knows for sure.
Beloved astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson makes a compelling case for why if even intelligent alien life exists elsewhere in the Universe, it is extremely rare. Neil Tyson mentions the fact that the evolutionary tree of life on Earth suggests intelligence is not that important when it comes for survival.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also talks about the Hawking argument that basically says extraterrestrial visits on Earth would not be in our best interests.
Debate about the probability of finding signals of advanced life varies widely. In 1961, astronomer Frank Drake created a formula (which became known as the Drake Equation) for estimating the number of potential intelligent civilizations in the galaxy. He calculated there should be at least 10,000 technology producing civilizations in the Milky Way galaxy alone.
Most of the variables in the equation continue to be rough estimates and subject to uncertainties. But an interesting conundrum to Drake's speculative answer for the number of intelligent civilizations in the galaxy is the Fermi paradox. Posited by Italian physicist Enrico Fermi, it asserts that if another intelligent life form was indeed out there, why have we not seen it by now?
While it might seem as extreme hubris to expect humans to see evidence for the existence of intelligent alien life, considering how many star systems there are in our galaxy alone, and if indeed intelligent life is prevalent, we should expect to see some sort of data from alien origin.
Another hypothesis that explains the Fermi problem is the "Great Filter". Which basically poses that something leads to the destruction of civilizations before they manage to master intragalactic communication and interstellar travel.
Even if we knew for certain the Great Filter is a correct theory, we still wouldn't know when or at what stage of life it emerges. For example a great filter could be acting to prevent non living matter to undergo Abiogenesis. Which is the first stage of life. Or a great filter could show up in later stages of life. Such as our stage where intelligent beings begin to create technology and hope to one day colonize the galaxy.
#greatfilter #neiltyson #aliens
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Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06rIWC7r968
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYzBxo3hbYQ&t=0s
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-is-taking-a-new-look-at-searching-for-life-beyond-earth
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits NASA Goddard" by NASA Goddard Photo and Video is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
Life 3.0
Some researchers believe that superintelligence will likely follow [...]
Some researchers believe that superintelligence will likely follow shortly after the development of artificial general intelligence or AGI.
Swedish-American physicist, cosmologist and machine learning researcher, Max Tegmark thinks that AI will redefine what it means to be human due to the scale of the changes it will bring about.
He describes early life forms such as bacteria as Life 1.0. The rise of Homo sapiens as Life 2.0 and the potential rise of Superhuman AI as life 3.0.
Max Tegmark describes the current status of our modern society as Life 2.1 due to the increase of technological enhancements of our biology.
He worries that the advent of digital superintelligence also known as artificial superintelligence or ASI will bring about drastic change to our society for the better or for worse.
Artificial intelligence today is properly known as narrow AI. It can perform particular functions at the expert level. However current AI lacks common sense and can only deal with a narrow range of situations compared with humans.
Most surveyed AI researchers expect machines to eventually be able to rival humans in intelligence, though there is little consensus on when this will likely happen.
There are many ways in which AI could surpass human intelligence. We are already studying the algorithms of the brain in order to figure out how our own minds work and use that information to make machines more intelligent. Eventually the machines will be capable of self-improvement and the AI will become a self-reinforcing loop.
The first generally intelligent machines are likely to immediately hold an enormous advantage in at least some forms of mental capability, including the capacity of perfect recall, a vastly superior knowledge base, and the ability to multitask in ways not possible to biological entities. This may give them the opportunity to become much more powerful than humans.
While there are many unknowns about the development of intelligent machines and how we should deal with them, there is no question that AI will play a fundamental role in the future of humanity.
Superintelligence does not necessarily have to be something negative. According to Tegmark if we manage to get it right, it might become the best think to happen to mankind.
#life3.0 #ASI #Science
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SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
Tegmark, M. (2017). Life 3.0: Being human in the age of artificial intelligence. Chicago (Author-Date, 15th ed.).
https://futureoflife.org/2020/06/15/steven-pinker-and-stuart-russell-on-the-foundations-benefits-and-possible-existential-risk-of-ai/
https://intelligence.org/ie-faq/#HowLikelyIsAn
https://futureoflife.org/background/benefits-risks-of-artificial-intelligence/
Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of AI | Max Tegmark | Talks at Google - https://youtu.be/oYmKOgeoOz4….
Swedish-American physicist, cosmologist and machine learning researcher, Max Tegmark thinks that AI will redefine what it means to be human due to the scale of the changes it will bring about.
He describes early life forms such as bacteria as Life 1.0. The rise of Homo sapiens as Life 2.0 and the potential rise of Superhuman AI as life 3.0.
Max Tegmark describes the current status of our modern society as Life 2.1 due to the increase of technological enhancements of our biology.
He worries that the advent of digital superintelligence also known as artificial superintelligence or ASI will bring about drastic change to our society for the better or for worse.
Artificial intelligence today is properly known as narrow AI. It can perform particular functions at the expert level. However current AI lacks common sense and can only deal with a narrow range of situations compared with humans.
Most surveyed AI researchers expect machines to eventually be able to rival humans in intelligence, though there is little consensus on when this will likely happen.
There are many ways in which AI could surpass human intelligence. We are already studying the algorithms of the brain in order to figure out how our own minds work and use that information to make machines more intelligent. Eventually the machines will be capable of self-improvement and the AI will become a self-reinforcing loop.
The first generally intelligent machines are likely to immediately hold an enormous advantage in at least some forms of mental capability, including the capacity of perfect recall, a vastly superior knowledge base, and the ability to multitask in ways not possible to biological entities. This may give them the opportunity to become much more powerful than humans.
While there are many unknowns about the development of intelligent machines and how we should deal with them, there is no question that AI will play a fundamental role in the future of humanity.
Superintelligence does not necessarily have to be something negative. According to Tegmark if we manage to get it right, it might become the best think to happen to mankind.
#life3.0 #ASI #Science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
Tegmark, M. (2017). Life 3.0: Being human in the age of artificial intelligence. Chicago (Author-Date, 15th ed.).
https://futureoflife.org/2020/06/15/steven-pinker-and-stuart-russell-on-the-foundations-benefits-and-possible-existential-risk-of-ai/
https://intelligence.org/ie-faq/#HowLikelyIsAn
https://futureoflife.org/background/benefits-risks-of-artificial-intelligence/
Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of AI | Max Tegmark | Talks at Google - https://youtu.be/oYmKOgeoOz4….
active
The Fermi Paradox With Neil deGrasse Tyson - Where Are All The Aliens?
Since the birth of philosophy, we've never stopped wondering about the [...]
Since the birth of philosophy, we've never stopped wondering about the answer to the question: Are we alone?
Neil deGrasse Tyson tackles the possibility of the prevalence of life in the cosmos by comparing our sole data-point we have, life on Earth. He points to the fact that life on Earth formed as soon as it had a chance after the late heavy bombardment period.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also extrapolates from the fossil record that Intelligence as we humans have defined it is not necessary for survival, therefore intelligent life in the cosmos might be extremely rare.
In the summer of 1950 Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi, while walking to lunch with his fellow physicists was having a casual conversation about recent UFO reports and the possibility of faster-than-light travel. Allegedly Fermi suddenly during lunch said, "But where is everybody?
This later became known as the Fermi problem or paradox. Which is the apparent contradiction between the lack of evidence for extraterrestrial life and the high estimate probability for their existence.
So what could possibly explain this semblant paradox?
Whatever is preventing non-living matter from undergoing "Abiogenesis" in time, to expanding lasting life as measured by the Kardashev scale, in the context of the Fermi paradox, is known as the "Great Filter".
As NASA has explored our solar system and beyond, it has developed increasingly sophisticated tools to address our endless curiosity for the possibility of life existing elsewhere in the cosmos. Within our solar system, NASA’s missions have searched for signs of both ancient and current life, especially on Mars and soon, Jupiter’s moon Europa. Beyond our solar system, missions, such as Kepler, are revealing thousands of planets orbiting other stars. Fueling our imaginations further with bewilderment, wondering if there are other civilizations out there, perhaps asking the same question. Are we alone?
A growing number of people believe we've already answered this question due to recent UFO reports over the last few years. However, eye-witness testimony and ambiguous video footage does not qualify as extraordinary evidence to definitively answer this age old question. But to be respectful to the people who believe we've been visited by extraterrestrial crafts, we will dedicate a whole video on the topic.
#fermiparadox #neiltyson #aliens
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYzBxo3hbYQ&t=0s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Filter#Fermi_paradox
https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1350/are-we-alone-in-the-universe-revisiting-the-drake-equation/
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-is-taking-a-new-look-at-searching-for-life-beyond-earth
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits JWST and NASA Goddard" by James Webb Space Telescope is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
Neil deGrasse Tyson tackles the possibility of the prevalence of life in the cosmos by comparing our sole data-point we have, life on Earth. He points to the fact that life on Earth formed as soon as it had a chance after the late heavy bombardment period.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also extrapolates from the fossil record that Intelligence as we humans have defined it is not necessary for survival, therefore intelligent life in the cosmos might be extremely rare.
In the summer of 1950 Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi, while walking to lunch with his fellow physicists was having a casual conversation about recent UFO reports and the possibility of faster-than-light travel. Allegedly Fermi suddenly during lunch said, "But where is everybody?
This later became known as the Fermi problem or paradox. Which is the apparent contradiction between the lack of evidence for extraterrestrial life and the high estimate probability for their existence.
So what could possibly explain this semblant paradox?
Whatever is preventing non-living matter from undergoing "Abiogenesis" in time, to expanding lasting life as measured by the Kardashev scale, in the context of the Fermi paradox, is known as the "Great Filter".
As NASA has explored our solar system and beyond, it has developed increasingly sophisticated tools to address our endless curiosity for the possibility of life existing elsewhere in the cosmos. Within our solar system, NASA’s missions have searched for signs of both ancient and current life, especially on Mars and soon, Jupiter’s moon Europa. Beyond our solar system, missions, such as Kepler, are revealing thousands of planets orbiting other stars. Fueling our imaginations further with bewilderment, wondering if there are other civilizations out there, perhaps asking the same question. Are we alone?
A growing number of people believe we've already answered this question due to recent UFO reports over the last few years. However, eye-witness testimony and ambiguous video footage does not qualify as extraordinary evidence to definitively answer this age old question. But to be respectful to the people who believe we've been visited by extraterrestrial crafts, we will dedicate a whole video on the topic.
#fermiparadox #neiltyson #aliens
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYzBxo3hbYQ&t=0s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Filter#Fermi_paradox
https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1350/are-we-alone-in-the-universe-revisiting-the-drake-equation/
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-is-taking-a-new-look-at-searching-for-life-beyond-earth
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits JWST and NASA Goddard" by James Webb Space Telescope is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
The Dawn of Superhumans - Evolution 2.0
We are on the verge of a new era that belongs to Superhumans. The next [...]
We are on the verge of a new era that belongs to Superhumans. The next step of our evolution is not going to be natural but rather a technological one. Superhumans will most likely dominate the 21st century.
Throughout history, the discussion of superhuman traits and the idea of the ideal human in physical, mental, or psychological form has influenced our thoughts and understanding of the world and the reality that surrounds us. While the concept of superpowers is still firmly rooted in the world of fiction, recent scientific and technological advancements have put the concept of "Superhumans" in a very different context.
The rise of "Superhumans" in the scientific and technological world has brought about an entirely new kind of discussion on who we are as a species. While the idea of a superhuman may be provocative and controversial to some, others embrace the concept as a means to investigate our future – our evolution.
In the future, thanks to technologies such as CRISPR, it would be possible to alter the human genome in such a way that every human being could be born with a genetic predisposition to a greater degree of strength, intelligence, speed and so on. The rise of enhanced humans could bring about a new era of human evolution. This would have profound advantages over traditional genetic mutations that occur in nature. First, it would allow researchers to control what kind of changes they made and how those changes would affect an individual's physical and psychological development.
How will this technology affect us as a society? Will it be abused? Who will benefit from this technology?
Will those who don’t have access to the technology be left behind in a society where they are no longer able to keep up? Questions like these have many people worried about the future, but it is undeniable that we are on the verge of a new era of evolution in which humans will be able to increase their intelligence and capabilities beyond imagination.
#CRISPR #Superhuman #Science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources
Race, Evolution and the Science of Human Origins" by Allison Hopper, Scientific American (July 5, 2021)
How to develop superpowers - https://eagleman.com/latest/how-to-develop-superpowers/
David Eagleman - https://eagleman.com/about-david-eagleman/
The next generation of hearing science - https://neosensory.com/
Is CRISPR a fear against Sports? https://www.peertechzpublications.com/articles/ASMP-2-106.php
Genetic evidence for natural selection in humans in the contemporary United States - https://www.pnas.org/content/113/28/7774
The Effect of ACTN3 Gene Doping on Skeletal Muscle Performance- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29706347/
Genetic influence on athletic performance - Current Opinion in Pediatrics: December 2013 - Volume 25 - Issue 6 - p 653-658 doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283659087
The New York Academy of Sciences - The Enhanced Human: Risks and Opportunities
Creating New Human Senses | David Eagleman | Talks at Google - https://youtu.be/3epJuzVfvgc
How to Create a Mind | Ray Kurzweil | Talks at Google https://youtu.be/zihTWh5i2C4
George Church Talks Ethics of Transformative Biotechnologies - https://www.emmanuel.edu/discover-emmanuel/news-and-media/churchseminar.html
Human Enhancement: Impact on society - https://www.sienna-project.eu/enhancement/….
Throughout history, the discussion of superhuman traits and the idea of the ideal human in physical, mental, or psychological form has influenced our thoughts and understanding of the world and the reality that surrounds us. While the concept of superpowers is still firmly rooted in the world of fiction, recent scientific and technological advancements have put the concept of "Superhumans" in a very different context.
The rise of "Superhumans" in the scientific and technological world has brought about an entirely new kind of discussion on who we are as a species. While the idea of a superhuman may be provocative and controversial to some, others embrace the concept as a means to investigate our future – our evolution.
In the future, thanks to technologies such as CRISPR, it would be possible to alter the human genome in such a way that every human being could be born with a genetic predisposition to a greater degree of strength, intelligence, speed and so on. The rise of enhanced humans could bring about a new era of human evolution. This would have profound advantages over traditional genetic mutations that occur in nature. First, it would allow researchers to control what kind of changes they made and how those changes would affect an individual's physical and psychological development.
How will this technology affect us as a society? Will it be abused? Who will benefit from this technology?
Will those who don’t have access to the technology be left behind in a society where they are no longer able to keep up? Questions like these have many people worried about the future, but it is undeniable that we are on the verge of a new era of evolution in which humans will be able to increase their intelligence and capabilities beyond imagination.
#CRISPR #Superhuman #Science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources
Race, Evolution and the Science of Human Origins" by Allison Hopper, Scientific American (July 5, 2021)
How to develop superpowers - https://eagleman.com/latest/how-to-develop-superpowers/
David Eagleman - https://eagleman.com/about-david-eagleman/
The next generation of hearing science - https://neosensory.com/
Is CRISPR a fear against Sports? https://www.peertechzpublications.com/articles/ASMP-2-106.php
Genetic evidence for natural selection in humans in the contemporary United States - https://www.pnas.org/content/113/28/7774
The Effect of ACTN3 Gene Doping on Skeletal Muscle Performance- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29706347/
Genetic influence on athletic performance - Current Opinion in Pediatrics: December 2013 - Volume 25 - Issue 6 - p 653-658 doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283659087
The New York Academy of Sciences - The Enhanced Human: Risks and Opportunities
Creating New Human Senses | David Eagleman | Talks at Google - https://youtu.be/3epJuzVfvgc
How to Create a Mind | Ray Kurzweil | Talks at Google https://youtu.be/zihTWh5i2C4
George Church Talks Ethics of Transformative Biotechnologies - https://www.emmanuel.edu/discover-emmanuel/news-and-media/churchseminar.html
Human Enhancement: Impact on society - https://www.sienna-project.eu/enhancement/….
active
Brian Greene - Is Teleportation Possible?
Brian Greene the renowned American theoretical physicist talks about [...]
Brian Greene the renowned American theoretical physicist talks about quantum teleportation, quantum entanglement and whether it's possible to teleport a human being.
Brian Greene is most famously known for his work on string theory. He also has become known to a wider audience through his books for the general public, The Elegant Universe, Icarus at the Edge of Time, The Fabric of the Cosmos, The Hidden Reality etc.
He explains the concept behind what Einstein famously called "spooky action at a distance". He also mentions how Einstein's work on the Photoelectric effect was fundamental in the formulation of quantum mechanics. Brian Greene also explains how quantum entanglement can be used for teleportation.
Many works of science fiction have enticed our imagination with human teleportation. But, does it have any basis in reality?
Teleportation is the hypothetical transfer of matter or energy from one point to another without traversing the physical space between them.
While teleportation of matter is currently outside the realm of modern science, in the quantum world, teleportation of information has already shown its use cases.
Quantum teleportation is a technique for transferring quantum information from a sender at one location to a receiver some distance away. While teleportation is commonly portrayed in science fiction as a means to transfer physical objects from one location to the next, quantum teleportation only transfers quantum information.
Quantum communication unlocks some of the unique properties of quantum mechanics to exchange information with ultimate security or link together quantum computers.”
According to IBM, the advent of quantum computing may progress the fields of medicine, logistics, financial services, artificial intelligence and cloud security.
And while teleportation of matter remains an intriguing enterprise in science fiction, we are more than grateful quantum teleportation of information is real, and holds a promising future for a 21st century technological society.
#teleportation #bgreene #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h94Rd9AIfwE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HneFM-BvZj4
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/teleporting-toward-a-quantum-internet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teleportation
https://www.nsf.gov/discoveries/disc_summ.jsp?cntn_id=300854&org=NSF&from=news
"Renowned Physicist Brian Greene Draws Sold Out Crowd at College of DuPage 2018 8" by COD Newsroom is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
Brian Greene is most famously known for his work on string theory. He also has become known to a wider audience through his books for the general public, The Elegant Universe, Icarus at the Edge of Time, The Fabric of the Cosmos, The Hidden Reality etc.
He explains the concept behind what Einstein famously called "spooky action at a distance". He also mentions how Einstein's work on the Photoelectric effect was fundamental in the formulation of quantum mechanics. Brian Greene also explains how quantum entanglement can be used for teleportation.
Many works of science fiction have enticed our imagination with human teleportation. But, does it have any basis in reality?
Teleportation is the hypothetical transfer of matter or energy from one point to another without traversing the physical space between them.
While teleportation of matter is currently outside the realm of modern science, in the quantum world, teleportation of information has already shown its use cases.
Quantum teleportation is a technique for transferring quantum information from a sender at one location to a receiver some distance away. While teleportation is commonly portrayed in science fiction as a means to transfer physical objects from one location to the next, quantum teleportation only transfers quantum information.
Quantum communication unlocks some of the unique properties of quantum mechanics to exchange information with ultimate security or link together quantum computers.”
According to IBM, the advent of quantum computing may progress the fields of medicine, logistics, financial services, artificial intelligence and cloud security.
And while teleportation of matter remains an intriguing enterprise in science fiction, we are more than grateful quantum teleportation of information is real, and holds a promising future for a 21st century technological society.
#teleportation #bgreene #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h94Rd9AIfwE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HneFM-BvZj4
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/teleporting-toward-a-quantum-internet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teleportation
https://www.nsf.gov/discoveries/disc_summ.jsp?cntn_id=300854&org=NSF&from=news
"Renowned Physicist Brian Greene Draws Sold Out Crowd at College of DuPage 2018 8" by COD Newsroom is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
What Happens to Your Brain When You Don't Get Enough Sleep?
For millennia, philosophers and scientists have tried to unravel the [...]
For millennia, philosophers and scientists have tried to unravel the mystery of sleep and dreams. Some researchers believe that sleep helps us consolidate memory and learn new things, while others suggest that we need a break from thinking so that the brain can process information or recover from a busy day.
You spend about 2 hours each night dreaming and while many of us may feel that our dreams have special meaning or a useful purpose, science has been more sceptical of that claim. Dreaming serves its own important functions in our well-being. It is like overnight therapy that also enhances creativity and problem-solving. This, according to Matthew Walker, Professor of Neuroscience and Psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, and Founder and Director of the Center for Human Sleep Science.
His research is focused in solving the mystery of why sleep matters and the role of sleep in human health and well-being.
Most adults need 7-9 hours of sleep a night, but after age 60, night-time sleep tends to be shorter, lighter, and interrupted by multiple awakenings. It is a known fact that if we do not get enough sleep, our performance deteriorates and it becomes harder to pay attention or concentrate. In addition, circumstances like depression or stress can lead to insomnia and many other sleep disorders. Sleep deprivation has been linked to a variety of health problems, including diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease.
The cumulative effect of not getting enough sleep is called sleep debt. A large sleep debt may lead to mental or physical fatigue. According to Walker, a lack of sleep will actually prevent your brain from being able to initially make new memories, so it's almost as though without sleep the memory inbox of the brain shuts down and you can't commit new experiences to memory. In addition, sleep is essentially the pillar of healthy emotion regulation. This is because sleep allows us to integrate and process the emotional events and social interactions of the previous day. Without this crucial step, you walk around emotionally disoriented – a state that can lead to chronic stress and depression. Sleep is also a time when your body builds up energy reserves for your next waking day. Sleep deprivation makes it harder to maintain healthy blood sugar levels which can result in fatigue, low moods, and poor concentration.
So, what can you do to sleep better at night?
According to Walker, certain specific actions will help you get better sleep that is also proven to be good for your health.
Besides the common advice of avoiding caffeine and nicotine late in the day and alcoholic drinks before bed, think of your bedroom as a dark prehistoric cave. Get rid of all your electronic devices from your bedroom. Because, even if you manage to fall asleep by watching videos on your phone, computer or TV, that might be the reason that you wake up with a headache and feeling tired in the morning.
#sleep #science #sciencetime
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
Why We Sleep: Unlocking the Power of Sleep and Dreams Matthew Walker , PhD
Hardcover, 1st edition, 368 pages - Published October 3rd 2017 by Scribner
https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/research-unit/center-human-sleep-science
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Understanding-Sleep
https://www.healthline.com/health/sleep-deprivation/effects-on-body#Treatment-for-sleep-deprivation
https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/stages-of-sleep
Why we sleep, science of sleep & dreams - Talks at Google - Matthew Walker https://youtu.be/aXflBZXAucQ….
You spend about 2 hours each night dreaming and while many of us may feel that our dreams have special meaning or a useful purpose, science has been more sceptical of that claim. Dreaming serves its own important functions in our well-being. It is like overnight therapy that also enhances creativity and problem-solving. This, according to Matthew Walker, Professor of Neuroscience and Psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, and Founder and Director of the Center for Human Sleep Science.
His research is focused in solving the mystery of why sleep matters and the role of sleep in human health and well-being.
Most adults need 7-9 hours of sleep a night, but after age 60, night-time sleep tends to be shorter, lighter, and interrupted by multiple awakenings. It is a known fact that if we do not get enough sleep, our performance deteriorates and it becomes harder to pay attention or concentrate. In addition, circumstances like depression or stress can lead to insomnia and many other sleep disorders. Sleep deprivation has been linked to a variety of health problems, including diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease.
The cumulative effect of not getting enough sleep is called sleep debt. A large sleep debt may lead to mental or physical fatigue. According to Walker, a lack of sleep will actually prevent your brain from being able to initially make new memories, so it's almost as though without sleep the memory inbox of the brain shuts down and you can't commit new experiences to memory. In addition, sleep is essentially the pillar of healthy emotion regulation. This is because sleep allows us to integrate and process the emotional events and social interactions of the previous day. Without this crucial step, you walk around emotionally disoriented – a state that can lead to chronic stress and depression. Sleep is also a time when your body builds up energy reserves for your next waking day. Sleep deprivation makes it harder to maintain healthy blood sugar levels which can result in fatigue, low moods, and poor concentration.
So, what can you do to sleep better at night?
According to Walker, certain specific actions will help you get better sleep that is also proven to be good for your health.
Besides the common advice of avoiding caffeine and nicotine late in the day and alcoholic drinks before bed, think of your bedroom as a dark prehistoric cave. Get rid of all your electronic devices from your bedroom. Because, even if you manage to fall asleep by watching videos on your phone, computer or TV, that might be the reason that you wake up with a headache and feeling tired in the morning.
#sleep #science #sciencetime
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
Why We Sleep: Unlocking the Power of Sleep and Dreams Matthew Walker , PhD
Hardcover, 1st edition, 368 pages - Published October 3rd 2017 by Scribner
https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/research-unit/center-human-sleep-science
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Understanding-Sleep
https://www.healthline.com/health/sleep-deprivation/effects-on-body#Treatment-for-sleep-deprivation
https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/stages-of-sleep
Why we sleep, science of sleep & dreams - Talks at Google - Matthew Walker https://youtu.be/aXflBZXAucQ….
active
The Early Universe Explained by Neil deGrasse Tyson
Neil deGrasse Tyson explains the early state of our Universe. At the [...]
Neil deGrasse Tyson explains the early state of our Universe. At the beginning of the universe, ordinary space and time developed out of a primeval state, where all matter and energy of the entire visible universe was contained in a hot, dense point called a gravitational singularity. A billionth the size of a nuclear particle.
While we can not imagine the entirety of the visible universe being a billion times smaller than a nuclear particle, that shouldn't deter us from wondering about the early state of our universe. However, dealing with such extreme scales is immensely counter-intuitive and our evolved brains and senses have no capacity to grasp the depths of reality in the beginning of cosmic time. Therefore, scientists develop mathematical frameworks to describe the early universe.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also mentions that our senses are not necessarily the best tools to use in science when uncovering the mysteries of the Universe.
It is interesting to note that in the early Universe, high densities and heterogeneous conditions could have led sufficiently dense regions to undergo gravitational collapse, forming black holes. These types of Primordial black holes are hypothesized to have formed soon after the Big Bang. Going from one mystery to the next, some evidence suggests a possible Link Between Primordial Black Holes and Dark Matter.
In modern physics, antimatter is made up of elementary particles, each of which has the same mass as their corresponding matter counterparts -- protons, neutrons and electrons -- but the opposite charges and magnetic properties.
A collision between any particle and its anti-particle partner leads to their mutual annihilation, giving rise to various proportions of intense photons, gamma rays and neutrinos. The majority of the total energy of annihilation emerges in the form of ionizing radiation. If surrounding matter is present, the energy content of this radiation will be absorbed and converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or light. The amount of energy released is usually proportional to the total mass of the collided matter and antimatter, in accordance with Einstein's mass–energy equivalence equation.
Antimatter particles bind with each other to form antimatter, just as ordinary particles bind to form normal matter. For example, a positron (the antiparticle of the electron) and an antiproton (the antiparticle of the proton) can form an anti-hydrogen atom.
While these cosmic quandaries keep astrophysicists up at night, we are more than grateful to be alive in a time where we can even begin to contemplate the mysteries of the universe and our place in it.
#Universe #neiltyson #science
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Sources:
Neil deGrasse Tyson at 92Y : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyAK3QBnMGQ
NASA article: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/news/08-160.html
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/nasa-scientist-suggests-possible-link-between-primordial-black-holes-and-dark-matter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_early_universe
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits JWST and NASA Goddard" by James Webb Space Telescope is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
While we can not imagine the entirety of the visible universe being a billion times smaller than a nuclear particle, that shouldn't deter us from wondering about the early state of our universe. However, dealing with such extreme scales is immensely counter-intuitive and our evolved brains and senses have no capacity to grasp the depths of reality in the beginning of cosmic time. Therefore, scientists develop mathematical frameworks to describe the early universe.
Neil deGrasse Tyson also mentions that our senses are not necessarily the best tools to use in science when uncovering the mysteries of the Universe.
It is interesting to note that in the early Universe, high densities and heterogeneous conditions could have led sufficiently dense regions to undergo gravitational collapse, forming black holes. These types of Primordial black holes are hypothesized to have formed soon after the Big Bang. Going from one mystery to the next, some evidence suggests a possible Link Between Primordial Black Holes and Dark Matter.
In modern physics, antimatter is made up of elementary particles, each of which has the same mass as their corresponding matter counterparts -- protons, neutrons and electrons -- but the opposite charges and magnetic properties.
A collision between any particle and its anti-particle partner leads to their mutual annihilation, giving rise to various proportions of intense photons, gamma rays and neutrinos. The majority of the total energy of annihilation emerges in the form of ionizing radiation. If surrounding matter is present, the energy content of this radiation will be absorbed and converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or light. The amount of energy released is usually proportional to the total mass of the collided matter and antimatter, in accordance with Einstein's mass–energy equivalence equation.
Antimatter particles bind with each other to form antimatter, just as ordinary particles bind to form normal matter. For example, a positron (the antiparticle of the electron) and an antiproton (the antiparticle of the proton) can form an anti-hydrogen atom.
While these cosmic quandaries keep astrophysicists up at night, we are more than grateful to be alive in a time where we can even begin to contemplate the mysteries of the universe and our place in it.
#Universe #neiltyson #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
Neil deGrasse Tyson at 92Y : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyAK3QBnMGQ
NASA article: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/news/08-160.html
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/nasa-scientist-suggests-possible-link-between-primordial-black-holes-and-dark-matter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_early_universe
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits JWST and NASA Goddard" by James Webb Space Telescope is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
The Era of Genetically Modified Superhumans
The late 21st century belongs to Superhumans. Technological progress [...]
The late 21st century belongs to Superhumans. Technological progress in the field of medicine through gene editing tools like CRISPR is going to revolutionize what it means to be human. The age of Superhumans is portrayed in many science fiction movies, but for the first time in our species history, radically altering our genome is going to be possible through the methods and tools of science.
The gene-editing tool CRISPR, short for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, could help us to reprogram life. It gives scientists more power and precision than they have ever had to alter human DNA.
Genetic engineering holds great promise for the future of humanity. A growing number of scientists including David Sinclair believe that we will soon be able to engineer and change our genes in a way that will help us live longer and healthier lives.
But how much should we really tinker with our own nature? What is the moral responsibility of scientists and humans towards future generations?
With technological advances in molecular biology like CRISPR that allow for specific gene editing approaches, many scientists argue that there are strong potential benefits as well as risks to human genetic engineering.
David Sinclair is a geneticist at Harvard Medical School. He believes it’s possible to unlock the fountain of youth.
The potential uses of such gene editing techniques could range from the treatment of disease to the enhancement of beauty and intelligence
New discoveries in gene editing technologies are popping up everywhere in the world and experts predict that we will see many more in coming years. Many scientists believe that genetic engineering is the future of our evolution. It provides us with a chance to give ourselves any traits we want, such as muscle mass or eye color. Basically, anything is possible.
#CRISPR #Superhuman #davidasinclair
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SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
Veit, W. (2018). Procreative Beneficence and Genetic Enhancement – KRITERION – Journal of Philosophy 32(1):75-92. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.11026.89289
Liang, P., et. al., “CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in humantripronuclear zygotes” Protein & Cell Volume 6, Issue 5 (2015), pp363-372
Savulescu, J., Sandberg, A. & Kahane, G. Enhancing Human Ca-pacities, Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2011
David Sinclair - Why we age and why we don't have to? Gogle Talks - https://youtu.be/9nXop2lLDa4 Accessed 01.06.2021
Dr. Jennifer Doudna discusses gene-editing at the Institute for Int'l Studies - https://youtu.be/9Yblg9wDHZA Accessed 02.06.2021
George Church: The Future Without Limit - https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/140602-george-church-innovation-biology-science-genetics-de-extinction Accessed 18.06.2021
George Church on the revolution in and future of dna editing - https://openbeelden.nl/media/1000836/George_Church_on_the_revolution_in_and_future_of_dna_editing.en Accessed 15.06.2021
Technology Will Soon Give Us Precise Control Over Our Brains and Genes - University of California San Francisco - https://www.ucsf.edu/magazine/technology-will-soon-give-us-precise-control-over-our-brains-and-genes Accessed 10.06.2021….
The gene-editing tool CRISPR, short for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, could help us to reprogram life. It gives scientists more power and precision than they have ever had to alter human DNA.
Genetic engineering holds great promise for the future of humanity. A growing number of scientists including David Sinclair believe that we will soon be able to engineer and change our genes in a way that will help us live longer and healthier lives.
But how much should we really tinker with our own nature? What is the moral responsibility of scientists and humans towards future generations?
With technological advances in molecular biology like CRISPR that allow for specific gene editing approaches, many scientists argue that there are strong potential benefits as well as risks to human genetic engineering.
David Sinclair is a geneticist at Harvard Medical School. He believes it’s possible to unlock the fountain of youth.
The potential uses of such gene editing techniques could range from the treatment of disease to the enhancement of beauty and intelligence
New discoveries in gene editing technologies are popping up everywhere in the world and experts predict that we will see many more in coming years. Many scientists believe that genetic engineering is the future of our evolution. It provides us with a chance to give ourselves any traits we want, such as muscle mass or eye color. Basically, anything is possible.
#CRISPR #Superhuman #davidasinclair
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
Veit, W. (2018). Procreative Beneficence and Genetic Enhancement – KRITERION – Journal of Philosophy 32(1):75-92. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.11026.89289
Liang, P., et. al., “CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in humantripronuclear zygotes” Protein & Cell Volume 6, Issue 5 (2015), pp363-372
Savulescu, J., Sandberg, A. & Kahane, G. Enhancing Human Ca-pacities, Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2011
David Sinclair - Why we age and why we don't have to? Gogle Talks - https://youtu.be/9nXop2lLDa4 Accessed 01.06.2021
Dr. Jennifer Doudna discusses gene-editing at the Institute for Int'l Studies - https://youtu.be/9Yblg9wDHZA Accessed 02.06.2021
George Church: The Future Without Limit - https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/140602-george-church-innovation-biology-science-genetics-de-extinction Accessed 18.06.2021
George Church on the revolution in and future of dna editing - https://openbeelden.nl/media/1000836/George_Church_on_the_revolution_in_and_future_of_dna_editing.en Accessed 15.06.2021
Technology Will Soon Give Us Precise Control Over Our Brains and Genes - University of California San Francisco - https://www.ucsf.edu/magazine/technology-will-soon-give-us-precise-control-over-our-brains-and-genes Accessed 10.06.2021….
active
Brian Greene - What Was There Before The Big Bang?
The American theoretical physicist, Brian Greene explains various [...]
The American theoretical physicist, Brian Greene explains various hypotheses about the causation of the big bang. Brian Greene is an excellent science communicator and he makes complex cosmological concepts more easy to understand.
The Big Bang explains the evolution of the universe from a starting density and temperature that is currently well beyond humanity's capability to replicate. Thus the most extreme conditions and earliest times of the universe are speculative and any explanation for what caused the big bang should be taken with a grain of salt. Nevertheless that shouldn't stop us to ask questions like what was there before the big bang.
Brian Greene mentions the possibility that time itself may have originated with the birth of the cosmos about 13.8 billion years ago.
To understand how the Universe came to be, scientists combine mathematical models with observations and develop workable theories which explain the evolution of the cosmos. The Big Bang theory, which is built upon the equations of classical general relativity, indicates a singularity at the origin of cosmic time.
However, the physical theories of general relativity and quantum mechanics as currently realized are not applicable before the Planck epoch, which is the earliest period of time in the history of the universe, and correcting this will require the development of a correct treatment of quantum gravity.
Certain quantum gravity treatments imply that time itself could be an emergent property. Which leads some physicists to conclude that time did not exist before the Big Bang. While others are open to the possibility of time preceding the big bang.
One of the common misconceptions about the Big Bang model is that it fully explains the origin of the universe. However, the Big Bang model does not describe how energy, time, and space were caused, but rather it describes the emergence of the present universe from an ultra-dense and high-temperature initial state. It is misleading to visualize the Big Bang by comparing its size to everyday objects. When the size of the universe at Big Bang is described, it refers to the size of the observable universe, and not the entire universe.
#bigbang #bgreene #science
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SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
Briang Greene at JRE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHAA_1Guxlo&ab_channel=JREClips
NDT: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYzBxo3hbYQ&t=0s&ab_channel=DiscoveryPandaDiscoveryPanda
https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-powered-the-big-bang
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe
"Brian Greene no Fronteiras do Pensamento Porto Alegre 2014" by fronteirasweb is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0….
The Big Bang explains the evolution of the universe from a starting density and temperature that is currently well beyond humanity's capability to replicate. Thus the most extreme conditions and earliest times of the universe are speculative and any explanation for what caused the big bang should be taken with a grain of salt. Nevertheless that shouldn't stop us to ask questions like what was there before the big bang.
Brian Greene mentions the possibility that time itself may have originated with the birth of the cosmos about 13.8 billion years ago.
To understand how the Universe came to be, scientists combine mathematical models with observations and develop workable theories which explain the evolution of the cosmos. The Big Bang theory, which is built upon the equations of classical general relativity, indicates a singularity at the origin of cosmic time.
However, the physical theories of general relativity and quantum mechanics as currently realized are not applicable before the Planck epoch, which is the earliest period of time in the history of the universe, and correcting this will require the development of a correct treatment of quantum gravity.
Certain quantum gravity treatments imply that time itself could be an emergent property. Which leads some physicists to conclude that time did not exist before the Big Bang. While others are open to the possibility of time preceding the big bang.
One of the common misconceptions about the Big Bang model is that it fully explains the origin of the universe. However, the Big Bang model does not describe how energy, time, and space were caused, but rather it describes the emergence of the present universe from an ultra-dense and high-temperature initial state. It is misleading to visualize the Big Bang by comparing its size to everyday objects. When the size of the universe at Big Bang is described, it refers to the size of the observable universe, and not the entire universe.
#bigbang #bgreene #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
Briang Greene at JRE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHAA_1Guxlo&ab_channel=JREClips
NDT: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYzBxo3hbYQ&t=0s&ab_channel=DiscoveryPandaDiscoveryPanda
https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-powered-the-big-bang
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe
"Brian Greene no Fronteiras do Pensamento Porto Alegre 2014" by fronteirasweb is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0….
active
Elon Musk: The NEXT GEN Astronaut & The Future of Space Exploration
Elon Musk the founder and chief engineer at SpaceX is one of the most [...]
Elon Musk the founder and chief engineer at SpaceX is one of the most influential people on the planet when it comes to technological advancements for space exploration. The astronaut of the future will most likely be affected by his company SpaceX.
Elon Musk hired Hollywood costume designer Jose Fernandez to design a spacesuit for SpaceX. The design was then handed over to spacesuit engineers currently working in the field to transform it into an actual functional spacesuit.
A major goal of the private space industry is to make space travel accessible, affordable, and safe. But it’s not just space tourism that will become a reality in the coming decades. NASA and its private space industry partners will also enable the creation of permanent human settlements in space.
Elon Musk announced that he wants the NEXT GEN spacesuit of the astronaut of the future to not only serve technical purposes but in his words to also look cool.
NASA developed a new spacesuit that will be worn on Artemis missions. It is called the Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit, or xEMU.
The 21st century upgrades for the suit that the next moonwalkers will wear will utilize a variety of technological innovations in order to provide a balance between being comfortable, protective, lightweight and flexible. The use of nanotechnology can aid the development of next generation spacesuits because it allows for a unique combination of specialized materials to be used that are tailored specifically for the astronaut's needs and are highly functional.
NASA will continue to push the limits by exploring new frontiers and inviting private sector innovation in the process. They will lead an innovative and sustainable program of exploration with commercial and international partners to send humans farther into space and bring them back home safely.
In order to achieve that, NASA is upgrading all the launch facilities at Kennedy Space Center in Florida that will support Artemis missions to the Moon and beyond. Its newest super heavy lift rocket is called the Space Launch System or SLS.
The Orion spacecraft will carry crew to lunar orbit where they will transfer to a human landing system or the Lunar Gateway.
NASA picked SpaceX to move forward with their Starship HLS design for a crewed demonstration to the surface of the Moon.
Elon Musk was delighted that NASA picked his company for the trip to the moon. Elon said that it has been almost half of a century since we've been to the moon and its about time that we go back there and perhaps even establish a long term base on the lunar surface. Elon thinks that will be the first step into expanding our space horizon and presence before we colonize Mars.
He wants humanity to become a multi-planetary species.
#ElonMusk #Astronaut #ScienceTime
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
https://www.youtube.com/user/spacexchannel
https://www.youtube.com/user/NASAtelevision
https://www.nasa.gov/
https://www.youtube.com/user/virgingalactic
https://www.youtube.com/user/blueoriginchannel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0amrcBE0Jgs&ab_channel=NASAVideo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KGMn0IVK-Z0&ab_channel=SpaceVideos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmEg95wPiVU&t=2783s&ab_channel=ISSNationalLab….
Elon Musk hired Hollywood costume designer Jose Fernandez to design a spacesuit for SpaceX. The design was then handed over to spacesuit engineers currently working in the field to transform it into an actual functional spacesuit.
A major goal of the private space industry is to make space travel accessible, affordable, and safe. But it’s not just space tourism that will become a reality in the coming decades. NASA and its private space industry partners will also enable the creation of permanent human settlements in space.
Elon Musk announced that he wants the NEXT GEN spacesuit of the astronaut of the future to not only serve technical purposes but in his words to also look cool.
NASA developed a new spacesuit that will be worn on Artemis missions. It is called the Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit, or xEMU.
The 21st century upgrades for the suit that the next moonwalkers will wear will utilize a variety of technological innovations in order to provide a balance between being comfortable, protective, lightweight and flexible. The use of nanotechnology can aid the development of next generation spacesuits because it allows for a unique combination of specialized materials to be used that are tailored specifically for the astronaut's needs and are highly functional.
NASA will continue to push the limits by exploring new frontiers and inviting private sector innovation in the process. They will lead an innovative and sustainable program of exploration with commercial and international partners to send humans farther into space and bring them back home safely.
In order to achieve that, NASA is upgrading all the launch facilities at Kennedy Space Center in Florida that will support Artemis missions to the Moon and beyond. Its newest super heavy lift rocket is called the Space Launch System or SLS.
The Orion spacecraft will carry crew to lunar orbit where they will transfer to a human landing system or the Lunar Gateway.
NASA picked SpaceX to move forward with their Starship HLS design for a crewed demonstration to the surface of the Moon.
Elon Musk was delighted that NASA picked his company for the trip to the moon. Elon said that it has been almost half of a century since we've been to the moon and its about time that we go back there and perhaps even establish a long term base on the lunar surface. Elon thinks that will be the first step into expanding our space horizon and presence before we colonize Mars.
He wants humanity to become a multi-planetary species.
#ElonMusk #Astronaut #ScienceTime
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
https://www.youtube.com/user/spacexchannel
https://www.youtube.com/user/NASAtelevision
https://www.nasa.gov/
https://www.youtube.com/user/virgingalactic
https://www.youtube.com/user/blueoriginchannel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0amrcBE0Jgs&ab_channel=NASAVideo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KGMn0IVK-Z0&ab_channel=SpaceVideos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmEg95wPiVU&t=2783s&ab_channel=ISSNationalLab….
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The Mysterious Force of Gravity Explained by Neil deGrasse Tyson
Of the 4 fundamental forces of nature, gravity is the most intuitive [...]
Of the 4 fundamental forces of nature, gravity is the most intuitive one. We experience gravity every second of our lives so it makes sense that our brains are evolutionarily equipped to intuitively grasp the effects of gravity. At least here on Earth.
Neil deGrasse Tyson explains what gravity is and how this mysterious force works and effects the fabric of space time. And why it effects the very nature of the universe itself. And if the question "Why" is even a good scientific question.
Neil deGrasse Tyson mentions that scientifically speaking, we pretty much understand how gravity works and that is good enough to make scientific progress and questions like why does gravity work belong to set of philosophical questions that are not necessarily useful.
So what is gravity exactly?
Gravity is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light gravitate toward one another.
Modern work on gravitational theory began with the work of Galileo Galilei in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. In his famous experiment dropping balls from the Tower of Pisa, and later with careful measurements of balls rolling down inclines, Galileo showed that gravitational acceleration is the same for all objects. This contradicted Aristotle's belief that heavier objects have a higher gravitational acceleration. Galileo postulated air resistance as the reason that objects with low density and a high surface area fall more slowly in an atmosphere. Galileo's work set the stage for the formulation of Newton's theory of gravity.
In 1687, Sir Isaac Newton published Principia, which hypothesizes the inverse-square law of universal gravitation. Newton's theory enjoyed its greatest success when it was used to predict the existence of Neptune based on motions of Uranus that could not be accounted for by the actions of the other planets.
However a discrepancy in Mercury's orbit pointed out flaws in Newton's theory.
The issue was resolved in 1915 by Albert Einstein's new theory of general relativity, which accounted for the small discrepancy in Mercury's orbit.
In general relativity, gravity is described by the geometry of spacetime and the laws of physics. According to general relativity, gravity is not a force but instead is caused by the curvature of space–time caused by matter.
Neil deGrasse Tyson give everyday examples to better understand how gravity works meaning how the very fabric of spacetime is curved by matter. In a nutshell: Space tells matter how to move and matter tells space how to curve.
#gravity #neiltyson #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
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Sources Neil deGrasse Tyson at JRE:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0pmviUS1Zac&t=0s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity#Newton's_theory_of_gravitation
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits JWST and NASA Goddard" by James Webb Space Telescope is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
Neil deGrasse Tyson explains what gravity is and how this mysterious force works and effects the fabric of space time. And why it effects the very nature of the universe itself. And if the question "Why" is even a good scientific question.
Neil deGrasse Tyson mentions that scientifically speaking, we pretty much understand how gravity works and that is good enough to make scientific progress and questions like why does gravity work belong to set of philosophical questions that are not necessarily useful.
So what is gravity exactly?
Gravity is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light gravitate toward one another.
Modern work on gravitational theory began with the work of Galileo Galilei in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. In his famous experiment dropping balls from the Tower of Pisa, and later with careful measurements of balls rolling down inclines, Galileo showed that gravitational acceleration is the same for all objects. This contradicted Aristotle's belief that heavier objects have a higher gravitational acceleration. Galileo postulated air resistance as the reason that objects with low density and a high surface area fall more slowly in an atmosphere. Galileo's work set the stage for the formulation of Newton's theory of gravity.
In 1687, Sir Isaac Newton published Principia, which hypothesizes the inverse-square law of universal gravitation. Newton's theory enjoyed its greatest success when it was used to predict the existence of Neptune based on motions of Uranus that could not be accounted for by the actions of the other planets.
However a discrepancy in Mercury's orbit pointed out flaws in Newton's theory.
The issue was resolved in 1915 by Albert Einstein's new theory of general relativity, which accounted for the small discrepancy in Mercury's orbit.
In general relativity, gravity is described by the geometry of spacetime and the laws of physics. According to general relativity, gravity is not a force but instead is caused by the curvature of space–time caused by matter.
Neil deGrasse Tyson give everyday examples to better understand how gravity works meaning how the very fabric of spacetime is curved by matter. In a nutshell: Space tells matter how to move and matter tells space how to curve.
#gravity #neiltyson #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources Neil deGrasse Tyson at JRE:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0pmviUS1Zac&t=0s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity#Newton's_theory_of_gravitation
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits JWST and NASA Goddard" by James Webb Space Telescope is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
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Can We Live up to be 200 Years Old? The Science of Longevity With David Sinclair
Aging is a natural process of all living organisms. In humans, it [...]
Aging is a natural process of all living organisms. In humans, it represents the accumulation of physical, psychological, and social changes that are thought of as an inevitable process of health decline. Aging doesn’t have to be that way. Recent publications have argued that the rate at which this decline occurs can be slowed or even reversed.
A growing number of scientists now believe that the first person to reach the age of 200 has already been born.
The idea of anyone living to that age is considered a fantasy by most people. Doing so in good health even more so. By slowing the aging process in human beings, we would also slow the natural decline associated with senescence and thereby extend into old age the health and functional capacity that is normally associated with youth.
David Sinclair is a professor of genetics and co-Director of the Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging at Harvard Medical School. His work is trying to understand what causes aging and why we age.
Research done by Sinclair and many others have shown that the level of NAD+ declines with age.
They argue that the pace of aging is not inexorable or predetermined, but rather can be slowed and even reversed by a variety of approaches.
According to Sinclair, Sirtuins a family of seven proteins that affect the aging process, and are believed to do a lot of good things in our body are turned on by hormesis.
As part of the aging process, cells produce what is known as oxidants or free radicals which are toxic to cells and which can damage DNA and contribute to the aging process. Researchers in the field think that sirtuins can help prevent this kind of toxicity by speeding up the reaction by which harmful oxidants are neutralized in the body.
#NMN #DavidSinclair #Longevity
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Sources
The Sincliar Lab - BLAVATNIK INSTITUTE GENETICS https://sinclair.hms.harvard.edu/research Retrieved 21.04.2021
Nicotinamide Riboside—The Current State of Research and Therapeutic Uses https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352172/ Retrieved 10.05.2021
Is old age the newest disease? The Dr. Gundry Podcast https://youtu.be/S9bIGavmyTI….
A growing number of scientists now believe that the first person to reach the age of 200 has already been born.
The idea of anyone living to that age is considered a fantasy by most people. Doing so in good health even more so. By slowing the aging process in human beings, we would also slow the natural decline associated with senescence and thereby extend into old age the health and functional capacity that is normally associated with youth.
David Sinclair is a professor of genetics and co-Director of the Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging at Harvard Medical School. His work is trying to understand what causes aging and why we age.
Research done by Sinclair and many others have shown that the level of NAD+ declines with age.
They argue that the pace of aging is not inexorable or predetermined, but rather can be slowed and even reversed by a variety of approaches.
According to Sinclair, Sirtuins a family of seven proteins that affect the aging process, and are believed to do a lot of good things in our body are turned on by hormesis.
As part of the aging process, cells produce what is known as oxidants or free radicals which are toxic to cells and which can damage DNA and contribute to the aging process. Researchers in the field think that sirtuins can help prevent this kind of toxicity by speeding up the reaction by which harmful oxidants are neutralized in the body.
#NMN #DavidSinclair #Longevity
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Sources
The Sincliar Lab - BLAVATNIK INSTITUTE GENETICS https://sinclair.hms.harvard.edu/research Retrieved 21.04.2021
Nicotinamide Riboside—The Current State of Research and Therapeutic Uses https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352172/ Retrieved 10.05.2021
Is old age the newest disease? The Dr. Gundry Podcast https://youtu.be/S9bIGavmyTI….
active
Artificial Superintelligence, AI in a Box & Machine Consciousness With Nick Bostrom
Artificial Superintelligence or short, ASI, also known as digital [...]
Artificial Superintelligence or short, ASI, also known as digital superintelligence is the advent of a hypothetical agent that possesses intelligence far surpassing that of the smartest and most gifted human minds.
If we as a species manage not to destroy ourselves up until the advent of true artificial general intelligence, the moment of the next phase for our survival in a post AGI world, will be even more paramount.
The consensus among AI experts is that the time it takes to go from AGI or artificial general intelligence to ASI or artificial superintelligence, is exceptionally shorter than the time it takes to achieve AGI from current narrow artificial intelligence systems.
So we really have only one try to make it right.
Philosopher Nick Bostrom has expressed concern about the advent of ASI. He thinks artificial superintelligence may pose the biggest existential threat to humanity.
Besides Nick Bostrom, other well known public thinkers that are concerned about ASI include Elon Musk.
One of the biggest concerns of superintelligence theorists is the singularity hypothesis, which posits that superhuman AI will be created within a short time after the first intelligence explosion. A singularity heralds an abrupt transition in intelligence beyond human levels, leading to superintelligence. If such an entity comes into existence, it would then have immediate access to vastly greater computational resources than humans and may use them for either benign purposes or malevolent ones.
One of the solutions to this risk is the implementation of a precautionary principle, possibly in conjunction with regulation to ensure machine ethics are aligned with our own.
The other side of the coin of the concept of machine ethics is how WE will treat artificial intelligence systems.
Whether we will care about the quote on quote well-being of machines is tied down to the concept of Artificial consciousness or machine consciousness and whether if we will be convinced that they have a subjective experience.
If the current trend of technological growth continues, one day, we will inevitably pave the way for the advent of artificial super-intelligence. Whether it will become conscious or not.
#AI #ASI #AGI
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Sources:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TGdDgMNrkI0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pywF6ZzsghI&t=0s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superintelligence….
If we as a species manage not to destroy ourselves up until the advent of true artificial general intelligence, the moment of the next phase for our survival in a post AGI world, will be even more paramount.
The consensus among AI experts is that the time it takes to go from AGI or artificial general intelligence to ASI or artificial superintelligence, is exceptionally shorter than the time it takes to achieve AGI from current narrow artificial intelligence systems.
So we really have only one try to make it right.
Philosopher Nick Bostrom has expressed concern about the advent of ASI. He thinks artificial superintelligence may pose the biggest existential threat to humanity.
Besides Nick Bostrom, other well known public thinkers that are concerned about ASI include Elon Musk.
One of the biggest concerns of superintelligence theorists is the singularity hypothesis, which posits that superhuman AI will be created within a short time after the first intelligence explosion. A singularity heralds an abrupt transition in intelligence beyond human levels, leading to superintelligence. If such an entity comes into existence, it would then have immediate access to vastly greater computational resources than humans and may use them for either benign purposes or malevolent ones.
One of the solutions to this risk is the implementation of a precautionary principle, possibly in conjunction with regulation to ensure machine ethics are aligned with our own.
The other side of the coin of the concept of machine ethics is how WE will treat artificial intelligence systems.
Whether we will care about the quote on quote well-being of machines is tied down to the concept of Artificial consciousness or machine consciousness and whether if we will be convinced that they have a subjective experience.
If the current trend of technological growth continues, one day, we will inevitably pave the way for the advent of artificial super-intelligence. Whether it will become conscious or not.
#AI #ASI #AGI
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TGdDgMNrkI0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pywF6ZzsghI&t=0s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superintelligence….
active
Neil deGrasse Tyson: What is Dark Matter? What is Dark Energy?
Neil deGrasse Tyson offers a comprehensive analysis of what dark [...]
Neil deGrasse Tyson offers a comprehensive analysis of what dark matter and dark energy could be. With his usual wits & style he explains all known hypotheses for what the mysterious substance called dark matter might be. Neil deGrasse Tyson, the most well known astrophysicist of our era if not of all time also asks a mind boggling question about the origin of dark matter. He entails how dark matter or more fittingly dark gravity could originate from other universes in the multiverse.
Normal matter consists of the atoms that make up stars, planets, human beings and every other visible object in the Universe. to precisely assess the age of the universe to be 13.77 billion years old and to determine that atoms make up only 4.6 percent of the universe, with the remainder being dark matter and dark energy.
Neil deGrasse Tyson tells the story of the WMAP and how it enriched our understanding of the universe. This mysterious substance called dark matter, makes up the bulk of a galaxy's mass and forms the foundation of our Universe's large-scale structure. Because dark matter does not emit, absorb, or reflect light, its presence is only known through its gravitational pull on visible matter in space.
The universe is far from being fully understood. There are many different theories as to what dark matter and dark energy actually are, but scientists have been searching for these elusive entities for decades. Recently, new methods of detecting these entities have been developed, which could lead to a significant breakthrough in our understanding of the universe.
#neiltyson #darkmatter #science
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Sources:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QcM4CUMGKAs&t=198s&ab_channel=McDonaldInstitute
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRx6f8lv6qc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wp6cnp1kZBY
https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/about-nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope
https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/9-12/features/what-is-dark-matter.html
https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-is-dark-energy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.02068
https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.161101
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits NASA Goddard" by NASA Goddard Photo and Video is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
Normal matter consists of the atoms that make up stars, planets, human beings and every other visible object in the Universe. to precisely assess the age of the universe to be 13.77 billion years old and to determine that atoms make up only 4.6 percent of the universe, with the remainder being dark matter and dark energy.
Neil deGrasse Tyson tells the story of the WMAP and how it enriched our understanding of the universe. This mysterious substance called dark matter, makes up the bulk of a galaxy's mass and forms the foundation of our Universe's large-scale structure. Because dark matter does not emit, absorb, or reflect light, its presence is only known through its gravitational pull on visible matter in space.
The universe is far from being fully understood. There are many different theories as to what dark matter and dark energy actually are, but scientists have been searching for these elusive entities for decades. Recently, new methods of detecting these entities have been developed, which could lead to a significant breakthrough in our understanding of the universe.
#neiltyson #darkmatter #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QcM4CUMGKAs&t=198s&ab_channel=McDonaldInstitute
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRx6f8lv6qc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wp6cnp1kZBY
https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/about-nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope
https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/9-12/features/what-is-dark-matter.html
https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-is-dark-energy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.02068
https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.161101
"Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson Visits NASA Goddard" by NASA Goddard Photo and Video is licensed under CC BY 2.0….
active
The End of The Universe - The Big Freeze, Empty Space & Supernovae With Lawrence Krauss
Lawrence Krauss the American-Canadian theoretical physicist and [...]
Lawrence Krauss the American-Canadian theoretical physicist and cosmologist explains the importance of empty space for our understanding of the laws of physics and it's implications for the ultimate fate of the universe.
Factors that need to be considered in determining the universe's origin and it's ultimate fate include the average motions of galaxies and the amount of dark matter and dark energy that the universe contains.
Lawrence Krauss mentions another strong factor that determines the ultimate fate of the universe which is its overall shape. There is a strong growing consensus among cosmologists that the shape of the universe is flat.
Our current understanding of the nature of the universe and its subsequent evolution largely depends upon the work of perhaps the most popular scientist of all time, Albert Einstein. Lawrence Krauss also mentions the role of Einstein's general relativity theory and how it impacted modern physics in our understanding of spacetime and the cosmos as a whole.
Based on measurements of the rate of expansion and the mass density, data favors a universe that will continue to expand indefinitely, eventually becoming too cold to sustain life, resulting in the "Big Freeze" universe.
The Big Freeze or the Big Chill is a scenario under which continued expansion results in a universe that asymptotically approaches absolute zero temperature.
As existing stars run out of fuel and cease to shine, the universe will slowly and inexorably grow darker. Eventually black holes will dominate the universe, which themselves will disappear over time as they emit Hawking radiation.
The Big Freeze scenario is gaining ground as the most important hypothesis. However, observations are not conclusive, and alternative models for the ultimate fate of the universe are still possible.
To know the ultimate fate of the universe we must also understand the life cycles of stars. Lawrence Krauss also explains how we are made from star dust.
#universe #LKrauss1 #science
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Sources:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjaGktVQdNg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang#Expansion_of_space
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe
"File:Lawrence Krauss 7-14-2012.JPG" by BDEngler is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0….
Factors that need to be considered in determining the universe's origin and it's ultimate fate include the average motions of galaxies and the amount of dark matter and dark energy that the universe contains.
Lawrence Krauss mentions another strong factor that determines the ultimate fate of the universe which is its overall shape. There is a strong growing consensus among cosmologists that the shape of the universe is flat.
Our current understanding of the nature of the universe and its subsequent evolution largely depends upon the work of perhaps the most popular scientist of all time, Albert Einstein. Lawrence Krauss also mentions the role of Einstein's general relativity theory and how it impacted modern physics in our understanding of spacetime and the cosmos as a whole.
Based on measurements of the rate of expansion and the mass density, data favors a universe that will continue to expand indefinitely, eventually becoming too cold to sustain life, resulting in the "Big Freeze" universe.
The Big Freeze or the Big Chill is a scenario under which continued expansion results in a universe that asymptotically approaches absolute zero temperature.
As existing stars run out of fuel and cease to shine, the universe will slowly and inexorably grow darker. Eventually black holes will dominate the universe, which themselves will disappear over time as they emit Hawking radiation.
The Big Freeze scenario is gaining ground as the most important hypothesis. However, observations are not conclusive, and alternative models for the ultimate fate of the universe are still possible.
To know the ultimate fate of the universe we must also understand the life cycles of stars. Lawrence Krauss also explains how we are made from star dust.
#universe #LKrauss1 #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjaGktVQdNg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang#Expansion_of_space
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe
"File:Lawrence Krauss 7-14-2012.JPG" by BDEngler is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0….
active
The 4 Dimensional Space Time With Brian Greene
Brian Greene the American theoretical physicist, mathematician, and [...]
Brian Greene the American theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist explains the bizarre nature of the fabric of space-time which is a conceptual model combining the three dimensions of space with the fourth dimension of time.
The famous physicist Albert Einstein helped develop the idea of Spacetime as part of his theory of relativity. Brian Greene also credits Newton for his vision of the nature of space and time, although much of what Newton thought to be true about Spacetime is now considered to be wrong.
Brian Greene studies string cosmology which could explain why the space around us has three large dimensions.
Albert Einstein revolutionized our understanding of gravity and laid the foundation for the many scientific and technological breakthroughs that came after him.
The stronger the gravity, the more spacetime curves, and the slower time itself proceeds.
Time goes faster the farther away you are from the earth's surface compared to the time on the surface of the earth. This effect is known as "gravitational time dilation".
To describe the gravitational field of a black hole and the physical quantities such as the spacetime curvature which diverge at the center of the black hole, we need a theory that goes beyond general relativity into the quantum mechanics. Such a theory should allow the description to be extended closer to the center and might even allow an understanding of physics at the center of a black hole.
There are many proposed theories that attempt to explain what gravity is. String theory and Loop quantum gravity are the most popular among these theories. Currently, there is still no complete and consistent quantum theory of gravity, and the candidate models still need to overcome major formal and conceptual problems. They also face the common problem that, as yet, there is no way to put quantum gravity predictions to experimental tests, although there is hope for this to change as future data from cosmological observations and particle physics experiments becomes available.
#spacetime #bgreene #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
100 years of general relativity - https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/blueshift/index.php/2015/11/25/100-years-of-general-relativity/
What is Spacetime? https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05095-z
Theoretical Physics: The origin of space and https://www.nature.com/news/theoretical-physics-the-origins-of-space-and-time-1.13613
Newton’s Views on Space, Time, and Motion - https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/newton-stm/
A Conversation with Brian Greene and Gideon Yago https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h94Rd9AIfwE&ab_channel=ColumbiaAlumni
The Fabric of the Cosmos, Dr. Brian Greene, Columbia University
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ZNTVNeSWKI&ab_channel=LinusPaulingMemorialLectureSeries
"Brian Greene no Fronteiras do Pensamento Porto Alegre 2014" by fronteirasweb is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0….
The famous physicist Albert Einstein helped develop the idea of Spacetime as part of his theory of relativity. Brian Greene also credits Newton for his vision of the nature of space and time, although much of what Newton thought to be true about Spacetime is now considered to be wrong.
Brian Greene studies string cosmology which could explain why the space around us has three large dimensions.
Albert Einstein revolutionized our understanding of gravity and laid the foundation for the many scientific and technological breakthroughs that came after him.
The stronger the gravity, the more spacetime curves, and the slower time itself proceeds.
Time goes faster the farther away you are from the earth's surface compared to the time on the surface of the earth. This effect is known as "gravitational time dilation".
To describe the gravitational field of a black hole and the physical quantities such as the spacetime curvature which diverge at the center of the black hole, we need a theory that goes beyond general relativity into the quantum mechanics. Such a theory should allow the description to be extended closer to the center and might even allow an understanding of physics at the center of a black hole.
There are many proposed theories that attempt to explain what gravity is. String theory and Loop quantum gravity are the most popular among these theories. Currently, there is still no complete and consistent quantum theory of gravity, and the candidate models still need to overcome major formal and conceptual problems. They also face the common problem that, as yet, there is no way to put quantum gravity predictions to experimental tests, although there is hope for this to change as future data from cosmological observations and particle physics experiments becomes available.
#spacetime #bgreene #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
100 years of general relativity - https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/blueshift/index.php/2015/11/25/100-years-of-general-relativity/
What is Spacetime? https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05095-z
Theoretical Physics: The origin of space and https://www.nature.com/news/theoretical-physics-the-origins-of-space-and-time-1.13613
Newton’s Views on Space, Time, and Motion - https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/newton-stm/
A Conversation with Brian Greene and Gideon Yago https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h94Rd9AIfwE&ab_channel=ColumbiaAlumni
The Fabric of the Cosmos, Dr. Brian Greene, Columbia University
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ZNTVNeSWKI&ab_channel=LinusPaulingMemorialLectureSeries
"Brian Greene no Fronteiras do Pensamento Porto Alegre 2014" by fronteirasweb is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0….
active
The Hidden Reality of Quantum Physics With Sean Carroll
Sean Carroll, the American theoretical physicist who specializes in [...]
Sean Carroll, the American theoretical physicist who specializes in quantum mechanics, gravity and cosmology explains the hidden reality of the micro-world.
The fundamental theory in physics which describes the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles, is known as quantum mechanics. It is the foundation of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science.
Sean Carroll explains to us in simple turns the mysterious properties of quantum physics. He thinks that we should try to understand quantum mechanics even though prominent physicists like Richard Feynman thought no one can understand quantum mechanics.
Quantum mechanics arose gradually from theories to explain observations which could not be reconciled with classical physics, such as Max Planck's solution in 1900 to the black-body radiation problem.
Sean Carroll mentions how predictions of quantum mechanics have been verified experimentally to an extremely high degree of accuracy.
He also explains the wave function collapse of quantum mechanics. Another spooky aspect in quantum mechanics is when quantum systems interact with each other and the result can be the creation of quantum entanglement: their properties become so intertwined that a description of the whole solely in terms of the individual parts is no longer possible.
Contrary to popular belief, entanglement does not allow sending signals faster than light.
Quantum mechanics is perhaps the most successful theory ever formulated. For almost a century, experimenters have subjected it to rigorous tests, none of which called its foundations into question. It is truly one of the major triumphs in modern physics.
#seanmcarroll #QuantumPhysics #ScienceTime
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Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6FR08VylO4….
The fundamental theory in physics which describes the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles, is known as quantum mechanics. It is the foundation of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science.
Sean Carroll explains to us in simple turns the mysterious properties of quantum physics. He thinks that we should try to understand quantum mechanics even though prominent physicists like Richard Feynman thought no one can understand quantum mechanics.
Quantum mechanics arose gradually from theories to explain observations which could not be reconciled with classical physics, such as Max Planck's solution in 1900 to the black-body radiation problem.
Sean Carroll mentions how predictions of quantum mechanics have been verified experimentally to an extremely high degree of accuracy.
He also explains the wave function collapse of quantum mechanics. Another spooky aspect in quantum mechanics is when quantum systems interact with each other and the result can be the creation of quantum entanglement: their properties become so intertwined that a description of the whole solely in terms of the individual parts is no longer possible.
Contrary to popular belief, entanglement does not allow sending signals faster than light.
Quantum mechanics is perhaps the most successful theory ever formulated. For almost a century, experimenters have subjected it to rigorous tests, none of which called its foundations into question. It is truly one of the major triumphs in modern physics.
#seanmcarroll #QuantumPhysics #ScienceTime
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6FR08VylO4….
active
Faster Than Light Speed Travel With Neil deGrasse Tyson
Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson explains the possibility of going [...]
Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson explains the possibility of going faster than the speed of light. If we look at the Einstein's special relativity theory, the speed of light in vacuum has constant velocity of 186,282 miles per second. If you could travel at this speed, you could go around the Earth 7.5 times in one second.
In 1994, Miguel Alcubierre proposed a method that would take us beyond the speed of light limit. In his mathematical theory, he used two points in space-time to demonstrate the expansion and contraction of space fabric. The idea of Alcubierre's theory was that we could use this space-time warp to make an object travel faster than light.
Neil deGrasse Tyson takes examples from science fiction works like Star Trek to demonstrate and explain how an advanced civilization could be capable of manipulating the fabric of space-time itself in order to travel faster than the speed of light.
Einstein's theory of special relativity states that energy and mass are interchangeable, and speed of light travel is impossible for material objects that, unlike photons, have a non-zero rest mass.
Neil deGrasse Tyson explains how Einstein's theory of general relativity allows for time itself to slow down if you travel at relativistic velocity
Einstein's theory of general relativity mathematically predicts the existence of wormholes, but none have been discovered to date. Even if a wormhole could form, it would most likely be very unstable. Wormholes are still speculative because nobody really knows if you could pass through it. The math suggests that you need some sort of exotic material to pry the throat of the wormhole opening so that it wont collapse in on it self. Even then it is possibly unstable.
#neiltyson #science #lightspeed
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Sources:
Jose Luis Blázquez-Salcedo, Christian Knoll, Eugen Radu. Traversable Wormholes in Einstein-Dirac-Maxwell Theory. Physical Review Letters, 2021; 126 (10) DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.101102
Erik W. Lentz. 2021. Breaking the warp barrier: hyper-fast solitons in Einstein-Maxwell-plasma theory. Class. Quantum Grav 38: 075015; doi: 10.1088/1361-6382/abe692
Pioneering Interstellar Fligh https://tauzero.aero/ Accessed 09.04.2021
Warp Drive and Aliens: Bryan Gaensler Public Lecture at Perimeter Institute on February 5, 2020- https://youtu.be/fzweIEvN8sc
Neil deGrasse Tyson Lecture at the University of Washington https://youtu.be/wp6cnp1kZBY
Is Warp Drive Real? - https://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/technology/warp/warp.html….
In 1994, Miguel Alcubierre proposed a method that would take us beyond the speed of light limit. In his mathematical theory, he used two points in space-time to demonstrate the expansion and contraction of space fabric. The idea of Alcubierre's theory was that we could use this space-time warp to make an object travel faster than light.
Neil deGrasse Tyson takes examples from science fiction works like Star Trek to demonstrate and explain how an advanced civilization could be capable of manipulating the fabric of space-time itself in order to travel faster than the speed of light.
Einstein's theory of special relativity states that energy and mass are interchangeable, and speed of light travel is impossible for material objects that, unlike photons, have a non-zero rest mass.
Neil deGrasse Tyson explains how Einstein's theory of general relativity allows for time itself to slow down if you travel at relativistic velocity
Einstein's theory of general relativity mathematically predicts the existence of wormholes, but none have been discovered to date. Even if a wormhole could form, it would most likely be very unstable. Wormholes are still speculative because nobody really knows if you could pass through it. The math suggests that you need some sort of exotic material to pry the throat of the wormhole opening so that it wont collapse in on it self. Even then it is possibly unstable.
#neiltyson #science #lightspeed
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
BUY Science Time Merch: https://teespring.com/science-time-merch
Sources:
Jose Luis Blázquez-Salcedo, Christian Knoll, Eugen Radu. Traversable Wormholes in Einstein-Dirac-Maxwell Theory. Physical Review Letters, 2021; 126 (10) DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.101102
Erik W. Lentz. 2021. Breaking the warp barrier: hyper-fast solitons in Einstein-Maxwell-plasma theory. Class. Quantum Grav 38: 075015; doi: 10.1088/1361-6382/abe692
Pioneering Interstellar Fligh https://tauzero.aero/ Accessed 09.04.2021
Warp Drive and Aliens: Bryan Gaensler Public Lecture at Perimeter Institute on February 5, 2020- https://youtu.be/fzweIEvN8sc
Neil deGrasse Tyson Lecture at the University of Washington https://youtu.be/wp6cnp1kZBY
Is Warp Drive Real? - https://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/technology/warp/warp.html….
active
The Kardashev Scale With Michio Kaku: Can We Become a Type 1 Civilization?
Michio Kaku explains the meaning of the Kardashev scale and it's [...]
Michio Kaku explains the meaning of the Kardashev scale and it's importance in our society. Michio Kaku thinks that the possible transition from type 0 to type 1 is probably going to be the biggest transition in human history. He mentions several examples from science fiction work to demonstrate and help us visualize the concepts involved when measuring a civilization's energy output.
As the name implies the Kardashev scale is named after the soviet astronomer Nikolai Kardashev who proposed a scale to measure the level of technological advancement based on the amount of energy the civilization in question is able to use.
A type 1 civilization is a Technological level of a civilization that is close to the level presently on our home planet.
There are however 2 other types of civilizations.
Michio Kaku mentions that a type 2 civilization is able to employ the same techniques as a type 1 civilization but to a large number of planetary systems. He explains that this type of civilization is capable of harnessing the energy radiated by its own star. They may be able to construct space mega-structures to attain their energy needs such as a Dyson sphere.
Star lifting is another process where an advanced civilization could remove a substantial portion of a star's matter in a controlled manner for their energy needs.
But perhaps the most fascinating type of civilization is type 3 which is also called a galactic civilization because they are able to colonize most if not all planets and are able to use the energy released from the stars in their host galaxy.
Michio Kaku explains that currently humanity is at level 0. More precisely we may be at 0.7 We have a long way to go to reach the transition from type 0 to type 1 because we might carry a strong risk of self destruction.
#sciencetime #michiokaku #Kardashevscale
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Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardashev_scale
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z50vNvaBZ0E….
As the name implies the Kardashev scale is named after the soviet astronomer Nikolai Kardashev who proposed a scale to measure the level of technological advancement based on the amount of energy the civilization in question is able to use.
A type 1 civilization is a Technological level of a civilization that is close to the level presently on our home planet.
There are however 2 other types of civilizations.
Michio Kaku mentions that a type 2 civilization is able to employ the same techniques as a type 1 civilization but to a large number of planetary systems. He explains that this type of civilization is capable of harnessing the energy radiated by its own star. They may be able to construct space mega-structures to attain their energy needs such as a Dyson sphere.
Star lifting is another process where an advanced civilization could remove a substantial portion of a star's matter in a controlled manner for their energy needs.
But perhaps the most fascinating type of civilization is type 3 which is also called a galactic civilization because they are able to colonize most if not all planets and are able to use the energy released from the stars in their host galaxy.
Michio Kaku explains that currently humanity is at level 0. More precisely we may be at 0.7 We have a long way to go to reach the transition from type 0 to type 1 because we might carry a strong risk of self destruction.
#sciencetime #michiokaku #Kardashevscale
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Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardashev_scale
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z50vNvaBZ0E….
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Neil deGrasse Tyson: What Drives Scientific Progress?
Neil deGrasse Tyson is an American astrophysicist, planetary [...]
Neil deGrasse Tyson is an American astrophysicist, planetary scientist, author, and science communicator. In this video Neil deGrasse Tyson explains what drives scientific progress. He explains that there are only 3 drivers or motivators that push civilizations to make scientific progress and technological innovation.
Tyson studied at Harvard University, the University of Texas at Austin, and Columbia University. From 1995 to 2005, Tyson wrote monthly essays in the "Universe" column for Natural History magazine, some of which were later published in his books Death by Black Hole and Astrophysics for People in a Hurry.
During the same period, he wrote a monthly column in StarDate magazine, answering questions about the universe under the pen name "Merlin". Material from the column appeared in his books Merlin's Tour of the Universe and Just Visiting This Planet (1998). Tyson served on a 2001 government commission on the future of the U.S. aerospace industry and on the 2004 Moon, Mars and Beyond commission. He was awarded the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal in the same year.
From 2006 to 2011, he hosted the television show NOVA ScienceNow on PBS. Since 2009, Tyson has hosted the weekly podcast StarTalk. A spin-off, also called StarTalk, began airing on National Geographic in 2015. In 2014, he hosted the television series Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey, a successor to Carl Sagan's 1980 series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage.
The U.S. National Academy of Sciences awarded Tyson the Public Welfare Medal in 2015 for his "extraordinary role in exciting the public about the wonders of science.
#neiltyson #sciencetime #science
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Source: https://www.loc.gov/item/webcast-5790….
Tyson studied at Harvard University, the University of Texas at Austin, and Columbia University. From 1995 to 2005, Tyson wrote monthly essays in the "Universe" column for Natural History magazine, some of which were later published in his books Death by Black Hole and Astrophysics for People in a Hurry.
During the same period, he wrote a monthly column in StarDate magazine, answering questions about the universe under the pen name "Merlin". Material from the column appeared in his books Merlin's Tour of the Universe and Just Visiting This Planet (1998). Tyson served on a 2001 government commission on the future of the U.S. aerospace industry and on the 2004 Moon, Mars and Beyond commission. He was awarded the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal in the same year.
From 2006 to 2011, he hosted the television show NOVA ScienceNow on PBS. Since 2009, Tyson has hosted the weekly podcast StarTalk. A spin-off, also called StarTalk, began airing on National Geographic in 2015. In 2014, he hosted the television series Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey, a successor to Carl Sagan's 1980 series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage.
The U.S. National Academy of Sciences awarded Tyson the Public Welfare Medal in 2015 for his "extraordinary role in exciting the public about the wonders of science.
#neiltyson #sciencetime #science
SUBSCRIBE to our channel "Science Time": https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24
SUPPORT us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sciencetime
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Source: https://www.loc.gov/item/webcast-5790….
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